Article 12.1 - Repossession and Resale

California Civil Code — §§ 1812.2-1812.5

Sections (59)

Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 1952.

In the event of any default by the buyer in the performance of his obligations under a contract or installment account, the holder, pursuant to any rights granted therein, may proceed to recover judgment for the balance due without retaking the goods, or he may retake the goods and proceed as hereinafter provided. If he retakes the goods, he shall, within 10 days, give notice to the buyer of his intention to sell the goods at public sale or give notice to the buyer of his intention to retain the goods in satisfaction of the balance due. The notice must state the amount of the overdue payments, that the buyer must pay, if he pays within 10 days of the notice, in order

to redeem the goods. In either case the buyer shall have an absolute right to redeem the goods within 10 days after the notice is given by paying or tendering the amount owing under the contract. If the holder gives notice of election to sell the goods the buyer shall also have the absolute right to redeem the goods at any time before sale by paying or tendering the amounts specified above and also any expense reasonably incurred by the seller or holder in good faith in repairing, reconditioning the goods or preparing them for sale. If the holder gives notice of his intention to retain the goods in satisfaction of the indebtedness he shall be deemed to have done so at the end of the 10-day period if the goods are not redeemed; at the time the notice is given, the holder shall furnish the buyer a written statement of the sum due under the contract and the expenses provided for in this section. For failure to render such a statement the holder shall forfeit to the buyer ten dollars ($10) and also be liable to

him for all damages suffered because of such failure.

Amended by Stats. 1961, Ch. 1214.

The notice provided for in Section 1812.2 shall be given to the buyer and any other person liable by causing it to be delivered personally or to be deposited in the United States mail addressed to the buyer or to such other person at his last known address and shall advise the buyer or such other person of his right to redeem as provided for in Section 1812.2. If the holder determines to sell the goods at public sale he shall give notice of the time and place of sale at least 10 days before the date of sale by delivering a copy of the notice personally to the buyer or other person liable or depositing the same in the United States mail addressed to the buyer or such

other person at his last known address.

Added by Stats. 1959, Ch. 201.

The proceeds of a resale shall be applied (1) to the payment of the expenses thereof, (2) to the payment of any expenses of retaking, including reasonable attorney’s fees actually incurred, and of any expenses of keeping, storing, repairing, reconditioning or preparing the goods for sale to which the holder may be entitled, (3) to the satisfaction of the balance due under the contract. Any sum remaining after the satisfaction of such claims shall be paid to the buyer.

Amended by Stats. 1963, Ch. 1952.

If the proceeds of the sale are not sufficient to cover items (1), (2) and (3) of Section 1812.4, the holder may not recover the deficiency from the buyer or from anyone who has succeeded to the obligations of the buyer.

Added by Stats. 1979, Ch. 1151.

Notwithstanding Section 1801.6, no person shall require a purchaser of goods or services to obtain financing from any particular source. Any person who violates this section shall be subject to the penalty provided in Section 1812.6.

Amended by Stats. 1992, Ch. 163, Sec. 11. Effective January 1, 1993. Operative January 1, 1994, by Sec. 161 of Ch. 163.

(a)No person, regardless of marital status, shall be denied credit in his or her own name if the earnings and other property over which he or she has management and control are such that a person of the opposite sex managing and controlling the same amount of earnings and other property would receive credit.
(b)No person, regardless of marital status, managing and controlling earnings and other property shall be offered credit on terms less favorable than those offered

to a person of the opposite sex seeking the same type of credit and managing and controlling the same amount of earnings and other property.

(c)No unmarried person shall be denied credit if his or her earnings and other property are such that a married person managing and controlling the same amount of earnings and other property would receive credit.
(d)No unmarried person shall be offered credit on terms less favorable than those offered to a married person managing and controlling the same amount of earnings and other property.
(e)For accounts established after January 1, 1977 or for accounts in existence on January 1, 1977 where information on that account is received after January 1, 1977, a credit reporting agency which in its normal course of business receives information on joint credit accounts

identifying the persons responsible for such accounts, or receives information which reflects the participation of both spouses, shall:

(1)at the time such information is received file such information separately under the names of each person or spouse, or file such information in another manner which would enable either person or spouse to automatically gain access to the credit history without having in any way to list or refer to the name of the other person, and (2) provide access to all information about the account in the name of each person or spouse.
(f)For all accounts established prior to January 1, 1977, a credit reporting agency shall at any time upon the written or personal request of a person who is or has been married, verify the contractual liability, liability by operation of law, or authorized use by such person, of joint credit accounts appearing in the file of the person’s spouse or former spouse, and, if applicable,

shall file such information separately and thereafter continue to do so under the names of each person responsible for the joint account or in another manner which would enable either person responsible for the joint account to automatically gain access to the credit history without having in any way to list or refer to the name of the other person.

(g)For the purposes of this chapter “credit” means obtainment of money, property, labor, or services on a deferred-payment basis.
(h)For the purposes of this chapter, earnings shall include, but not be limited to, spousal, family, and child support payments, pensions, social security, disability or survivorship benefits. Spousal, family, and child support payments shall be considered in the same manner as earnings from salary, wages, or other sources where the payments are received pursuant to a written agreement or court decree to

the extent that the reliability of such payments is established. The factors which a creditor may consider in evaluating the reliability of such payments are the length of time payments have been received; the regularity of receipt; and whether full or partial payments have been made.

(i)Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to prohibit a person from:
(1)utilizing an evaluation of the reliability of earnings provided that such an evaluation is applied to persons without regard to their sex or marital status; or (2) inquiring into and utilizing an evaluation of the obligations for which community property is liable pursuant to the Family Code for the sole purpose of determining the creditor’s rights and remedies with respect to the particular extension of credit, provided that such is done with respect to all applicants without regard to their sex; or (3) utilizing any other relevant factors or methods in determining

whether to extend credit to an applicant provided that such factors or methods are applicable to all applicants without regard to their sex or marital status. For the purpose of this subdivision, the fact that an applicant is of childbearing age is not a relevant factor.

(j)Credit applications for the obtainment of money, goods, labor, or services shall clearly specify that the applicant, if married, may apply for a separate account.

Amended by Stats. 1975, Ch. 332.

(a)Whoever violates Section 1812.30 shall be liable to the aggrieved person in an amount equal to the sum of any actual damages sustained by such person acting either in an individual capacity or as a representative of a class.
(b)Whoever violates Section 1812.30 shall be liable to the aggrieved person for punitive damages in an amount not greater than ten thousand dollars ($10,000), as determined by the court, in addition to any actual damages provided in subdivision (a); provided, however, that in pursuing the recovery allowed under this subdivision, the aggrieved person may

proceed only in an individual capacity and not as a representative of a class.

(c)Notwithstanding subdivision (b), whoever violates Section 1812.30 may be liable for punitive damages in the case of a class action in such amount as the court may allow, except that as to each member of the class no minimum recovery shall be applicable, and the total recovery in such action shall not exceed the lesser of one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000) or one percent (1%) of the net worth of the creditor. In determining the amount of the award in any class action, the court shall consider, among other relevant factors, the amount of any actual damages awarded, the frequency and persistence of violations, the resources of the creditor, the number of persons adversely affected, and the extent to which the creditor’s violation was intentional.

Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 332.

Any person, corporation, firm, partnership, joint stock company, or any other association or organization which violates or proposes to violate this chapter may be enjoined by any court of competent jurisdiction. Actions for injunction under this section may be prosecuted by the Attorney General or any district attorney, county counsel, city attorney, or city prosecutor in this state in the name of the people of the State of California or by any person denied credit or offered credit in violation of Section 1812.30.

Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 332.

(a)Any person who intentionally violates any injunction issued pursuant to this chapter shall be liable for a civil penalty not to exceed two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) for each day that such person violates the injunction.
(b)The civil penalty prescribed by this section shall be assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General or by any district attorney, county counsel, or city attorney in any court of competent jurisdiction. An action brought pursuant to this section to recover such civil

penalties shall take special precedence over all civil matters on the calendar of the court except those matters to which equal precedence on the calendar is granted by law.

(c)If such an action is brought by the Attorney General, one-half of the penalty collected pursuant to this section shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered, and one-half to the State Treasurer. If brought by a district attorney or county counsel, the entire amount of the penalty collected shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered. If brought by a city attorney or city prosecutor, one-half of the penalty shall be paid to the treasurer of the county in which the judgment was entered and one-half to the city.

Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 332.

Any person denied credit or offered credit in violation of Section 1812.30 who brings an action pursuant to Section 1812.31 or 1812.32 of this code may petition the court for award of costs and reasonable attorney’s fees which the court shall award if the action is successful.

Added by Stats. 1975, Ch. 332.

Any action commenced pursuant to Section 1812.31 shall be commenced within two years from the date on which the person is denied credit or is offered credit in violation of Section 1812.30.

Amended by Stats. 1988, Ch. 1043, Sec. 2.

(a)The Legislature finds that there exists in connection with a substantial number of contracts for dance studio lessons and other services, sales practices, and business and financing methods which have worked a fraud, deceit, imposition, and financial hardship upon the people of this state; that existing legal remedies are inadequate to correct these abuses; that the dance studio industry has a significant impact upon the economy and well-being of this state and its local communities; and that the provisions of this title relating to these contracts are necessary for the public welfare.
(b)The Legislature declares that the purpose of this title is to safeguard the public against fraud, deceit, imposition, and financial hardship, and to foster and encourage competition, fair dealing, and prosperity in the field of dance studio lessons and other services by prohibiting or restricting false or misleading advertising, onerous contract terms, harmful financial practices, and other unfair, dishonest, deceptive, destructive, unscrupulous, fraudulent, and discriminatory practices by which the public has been injured in connection with contracts for dance studio lessons and other services.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

(a)The Legislature finds and declares that the widespread sale of seller assisted marketing plans, often connected with the sale of vending machines, racks or work-at-home paraphernalia, has created numerous problems in California for purchasers which are inimical to good business practice. Often purchasers of seller assisted marketing plans are individuals inexperienced in business matters who use their life savings to purchase the seller assisted marketing plan in the hope that they will earn enough money in addition to retirement income or salary to become or remain self-sufficient. Many purchasers are the elderly who are seeking a way to

supplement their fixed incomes. The initial payment is usually in the form of a purchase of overpriced equipment or products. California purchasers have suffered substantial losses when they have failed to receive full and complete information regarding the seller assisted marketing plan, the amount of money they can reasonably expect to earn, and the previous experience of the seller assisted marketing plan seller. Seller assisted marketing plan sellers have a significant impact upon the economy and well-being of this state and its local communities. The provisions of this title relating to seller assisted marketing plans are necessary for the public welfare.

(b)It is the intent of this title to provide each prospective seller assisted marketing plan purchaser with the information necessary to make an intelligent decision regarding seller assisted marketing plans being offered; to safeguard the public against deceit and financial hardship; to

insure, foster and encourage competition and fair dealing in the sale of seller assisted marketing plans by requiring adequate disclosure; to prohibit representations that tend to mislead; and to prohibit or restrict unfair contract terms. This title shall be construed liberally in order to achieve the foregoing purposes.

Amended by Stats. 2022, Ch. 452, Sec. 26. (SB 1498) Effective January 1, 2023.

For the purposes of this title, the following definitions shall apply:

(a)“Seller assisted marketing plan” means any sale or lease or offer to sell or lease any product, equipment, supplies, or services that requires a total initial payment exceeding five hundred dollars ($500), but requires an initial cash payment of less than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000), that will aid a purchaser or will be used by or on behalf of the purchaser in connection with or incidental to beginning, maintaining, or operating a business when the seller assisted marketing plan seller has advertised or in any other manner solicited the purchase or lease of the seller assisted marketing plan and done any of the following acts:
(1)Represented

that the purchaser will earn, is likely to earn, or can earn an amount in excess of the initial payment paid by the purchaser for participation in the seller assisted marketing plan.

(2)Represented that there is a market for the product, equipment, supplies, or services, or any product marketed by the user of the product, equipment, supplies, or services sold or leased or offered for sale or lease to the purchaser by the seller, or anything, be it tangible or intangible, made, produced, fabricated, grown, bred, modified, or developed by the purchaser using, in whole or in part, the product, supplies, equipment, or services that were sold or leased or offered for sale or lease to the purchaser by the seller assisted marketing plan seller.
(3)Represented that the seller will buy back or is likely to buy back any product made, produced, fabricated, grown, or bred by the purchaser

using, in whole or in part, the product, supplies, equipment, or services that were initially sold or leased or offered for sale or lease to the purchaser by the seller assisted marketing plan seller.

(b)A “seller assisted marketing plan” shall not include:
(1)A security, as defined in the Corporate Securities Law of 1968 (Division 1 (commencing with Section 25000) of Title 4 of the Corporations Code), that has been qualified for sale by the Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, or is exempt under Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 25100) of Part 2 of Division 1 of Title 4 of the Corporations Code from the necessity to qualify.
(2)A franchise defined by the Franchise Investment Law (Division 5 (commencing with Section 31000) of Title 4 of the Corporations Code) that is registered with the Department

of Financial Protection and Innovation or is exempt under Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 31100) of Part 2 of Division 5 of Title 4 of the Corporations Code from the necessity of registering.

(3)Any transaction in which either the seller or purchaser or the lessor or lessee is licensed pursuant to and the transaction is governed by the Real Estate Law, Division 4 (commencing with Section 10000) of the Business and Professions Code.
(4)A license granted by a general merchandise retailer that allows the licensee to sell goods, equipment, supplies, products, or services to the general public under the retailer’s trademark, trade name, or service mark if all of the following criteria are satisfied:
(A)The general merchandise retailer has been doing business in this state continually for five years prior to the

granting of the license.

(B)The general merchandise retailer sells diverse kinds of goods, equipment, supplies, products, or services.
(C)The general merchandise retailer also sells the same goods, equipment, supplies, products, or services directly to the general public.
(D)During the previous 12 months the general merchandise retailer’s direct sales of the same goods, equipment, supplies, products, or services to the public account for at least 50 percent of its yearly sales of these goods, equipment, supplies, products, or services made under the retailer’s trademark, trade name, or service mark.
(5)A newspaper distribution system distributing newspapers as defined in Section 6362 of the Revenue and Taxation Code.
(6)A sale or lease to an existing or beginning business enterprise that also sells or leases equipment, products, supplies, or performs services that are not supplied by the seller and that the purchaser does not utilize with the equipment, products, supplies, or services of the seller, if the equipment, products, supplies, or services not supplied by the seller account for more than 25 percent of the purchaser’s gross sales.
(7)The sale in the entirety of an “ongoing business.” For purposes of this paragraph, an “ongoing business” means a business that for at least six months previous to the sale has been operated from a particular specific location, has been open for business to the general public, and has had all equipment and supplies necessary for operating the business located at that location. The sale shall be of the entire “ongoing business” and not merely a portion of the

ongoing business.

(8)A sale or lease or offer to sell or lease to a purchaser (A) who has for a period of at least six months previously bought products, supplies, services, or equipment that were sold under the same trademark or trade name or that were produced by the seller and, (B) who has received on resale of the product, supplies, services, or equipment an amount that is at least equal to the amount of the initial payment.
(9)The renewal or extension of an existing seller assisted marketing plan contract.
(10)A product distributorship that meets each of the following requirements:
(A)The seller sells products to the purchaser for resale by the purchaser, and it is reasonably contemplated that substantially all of the purchaser’s sales of the

product will be at wholesale.

(B)The agreement between the parties does not require that the purchaser pay the seller, or any person associated with the seller, a fee or any other payment for the right to enter into the agreement, and does not require the purchaser to buy a minimum or specified quantity of the products, or to buy products for a minimum or specified period of time. For purposes of this paragraph, a “person associated with the seller” means a person, including an individual or a business entity, controlling, controlled by, or under the same control as the seller.
(C)The seller is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, or any other business entity.
(D)The seller has a net worth of at least ten million dollars ($10,000,000) according to audited financial statements of

the seller done during the 18 months preceding the date of the initial sale of products to the purchaser. Net worth may be determined on a consolidated basis if the seller is a subsidiary of another business entity that is permitted by generally accepted accounting standards to prepare financial statements on a consolidated basis and that business entity absolutely and irrevocably agrees in writing to guarantee the seller’s obligations to the purchaser. The seller’s net worth shall be verified by a certification to the Attorney General from an independent certified public accountant that the audited financial statement reflects a net worth of at least ten million dollars ($10,000,000). This certification shall be provided within 30 days following receipt of a written request from the Attorney General.

(E)The seller grants the purchaser a license to use a trademark that is registered under federal law.
(F)It is not an agreement or arrangement encouraging a distributor to recruit others to participate in the program and compensating the distributor for recruiting others into the program or for sales made by others recruited into the program.
(c)“Person” includes an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, or any business entity.
(d)“Seller” means a person who sells or leases or offers to sell or lease a seller assisted marketing plan and who meets either of the following conditions:
(1)Has sold or leased or represents or implies that the seller has sold or leased, whether in California or elsewhere, at least five seller assisted marketing plans within 24 months prior to a solicitation.
(2)Intends or represents or implies that the seller intends to sell or lease, whether in California or elsewhere, at least five seller assisted marketing plans within 12 months following a solicitation.

For purposes of this title, the seller is the person to whom the purchaser becomes contractually obligated. A “seller” does not include a licensed real estate broker or salesman who engages in the sale or lease of a “business opportunity” as that term is used in Sections 10000 to 10030, inclusive, of the Business and Professions Code, or elsewhere in Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 10000), Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 10050), or Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 10450) of Part 1 of Division 4 of the Business and Professions Code.

(e)“Purchaser” means a person who is solicited to become obligated or does become obligated on a

seller assisted marketing plan contract.

(f)“Equipment” includes machines, all electrical devices, video or audio devices, molds, display racks, vending machines, coin operated game machines, machines that dispense products, and display units of all kinds.
(g)“Supplies” includes any and all materials used to produce, grow, breed, fabricate, modify, develop, or make any product or item.
(h)“Product” includes any tangible chattel, including food or living animals, that the purchaser intends to:
(1)Sell or lease.
(2)Use to perform a service.
(3)Resell or attempt to resell to the seller assisted marketing plan seller.
(4)Provide or attempt to provide to the seller assisted marketing plan seller or to any other person whom the seller suggests the purchaser contact so that the seller assisted marketing plan seller or that other person may assist, either directly or indirectly, the purchaser in distributing, selling, leasing, or otherwise disposing of the product.
(i)“Services” includes any assistance, guidance, direction, work, labor, or services provided by the seller to initiate or maintain or assist in the initiation or maintenance of a business.
(j)“Seller assisted marketing plan contract” or “contract” means any contract or agreement that obligates a purchaser to a seller.
(k)“Initial payment” means the total amount a purchaser is obligated to pay to the seller

under the terms of the seller assisted marketing plan contract prior to or at the time of delivery of the equipment, supplies, products, or services or within six months of the purchaser commencing operation of the seller assisted marketing plan. If the contract sets forth a specific total sale price for purchase of the seller assisted marketing plan which total price is to be paid partially as a downpayment and then in specific monthly payments, the “initial payment” means the entire total sale price.

(l)“Initial cash payment” or “downpayment” means that portion of the initial payment that the purchaser is obligated to pay to the seller prior to or at the time of delivery of equipment, supplies, products, or services. It does not include any amount financed by or for which financing is to be obtained by the seller, or financing that the seller assists in obtaining.
(m)“Buy-back” or “secured investment” means any representation that implies in any manner that the purchaser’s initial payment is protected from loss. These terms include a representation or implication of any of the following:
(1)That the seller may repurchase either all or part of what it sold to the purchaser.
(2)That the seller may at some future time pay the purchaser the difference between what has been earned and the initial payment.
(3)That the seller may in the ordinary course buy from the purchaser items made, produced, fabricated, grown, bred, modified, or developed by the purchaser using, in whole or in part, the product, supplies, equipment, or services that were initially sold or leased to the purchaser by the seller.
(4)That the seller or a person to whom the seller will refer the purchaser may in the ordinary course sell, lease, or distribute the items the purchaser has for sale or lease.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

(a)An offer to sell or offer to lease a seller assisted marketing plan shall occur in this state whenever:
(1)The offer to sell or offer to lease is made in this state;
(2)The purchaser resides in this state at the time of the offer; or
(3)The offer to sell or offer to lease either originates from this state or is directed by the seller or lessor to this state and received at the place to which it is directed.
(b)A sale or lease of a seller assisted marketing plan shall occur in this state whenever:
(1)The offer to sell or offer to lease is accepted in this state;
(2)The purchaser resides in this state at the time of the sale; or
(3)The acceptance is communicated to a seller situated in this state.

Amended by Stats. 1998, Ch. 595, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 1999.

(a)The seller of any seller assisted marketing plan shall pay an annual fee in the amount of one hundred dollars ($100) and annually file with the Attorney General a copy of the disclosure statements required under Sections 1812.205 and 1812.206, as well as a list of the names and resident addresses of those individuals who sell the seller assisted marketing plan on behalf of the seller. The first filing shall be made at least 30 days prior to placing any advertisement or making any other representations to prospective purchasers. The

first filing shall not be deemed to be effective until a notice of filing has been issued by the Attorney General. The seller may not make any advertisement or other representation to prospective purchasers until a notice of filing has been issued by the Attorney General. The disclosure statements on file shall be updated through a new filing and payment of a fee in the amount of thirty dollars ($30), whenever material changes occur during the year following the annual filing and the updated filing shall include all disclosure statements required by Sections 1812.205 and 1812.206 and a list of the names and resident addresses of all current salespersons and all salespersons who have acted on behalf of the seller since the previous filing, whether the annual filing or an updated filing, indicating which salespersons are still active and which no longer act on behalf of the seller. Each seller of a seller assisted marketing plan shall file the annual renewal filing, whether or not any update filings have been

made, at least 10 days before one year has elapsed from the date of the notice of filing issued by the Attorney General, and at least 10 days before the same date every year thereafter. The annual renewal filing shall include all disclosure statements required by Sections 1812.205 and 1812.206 and a list of the names and addresses of the residences of all current salespersons and all salespersons who have acted on behalf of the seller since the previous filing (whether the annual filing or an updated filing), indicating which salespersons are still active and which no longer act on behalf of the seller. The annual renewal filing fee shall be one hundred dollars ($100). If an annual renewal filing is not filed as required, the previous filing shall be deemed to have lapsed and the seller shall be prohibited from placing any seller assisted marketing plan advertisements or making any other representations to prospective purchasers of seller assisted marketing plan until a new annual filing is made and a new

notice of filing has been issued by the Attorney General.

(b)The Attorney General may send by certified mail to the address set forth in the seller assisted marketing plan filing an intent to issue a stop order denying the effectiveness of or suspending or revoking the effectiveness of any filing if he or she finds the following:
(1)That there has been a failure to comply with any of the provisions of this title.
(2)That the offer or sale of the seller assisted marketing plan would constitute a misrepresentation to, or deceit of, or fraud on, the purchaser.
(3)That any person identified in the filing has been convicted of an offense under paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 1812.206, or is subject to an order or has had a civil judgment

entered against him or her as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of subdivision (b) of Section 1812.206, and the involvement of that person in the sale or management of the seller assisted marketing plan creates an unreasonable risk to prospective purchasers.

(c)The notice referred to shall include facts supporting a suspension or revocation. If the seller assisted marketing plan does not submit to the Attorney General, under penalties of perjury signed by an owner or officer of the seller assisted marketing plan, within 10 days of receipt of the intent to issue a stop order, a refutation of each and every supporting fact set forth in the notice, and each fact not refuted shall be deemed, for purposes of issuance of the order, an admission that the fact is true. If, in the opinion of the Attorney General, and based upon supporting facts not refuted by the seller assisted marketing plan, the plan is offered to the public without compliance

with this title, the Attorney General may order the seller to desist and refrain from the further sale or attempted sale of the seller assisted marketing plan unless and until a notice of filing has been issued pursuant to this section. Until that time, the registration shall be void. The order shall be in effect until and unless the seller assisted marketing plan files a proceeding in superior court pursuant to Section 1085 or 1094.5 of the Code of Civil Procedure or seeks other judicial relief and serves a copy of the proceeding upon the Attorney General.

Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 258, Sec. 2.

In selling, leasing, or offering to sell or lease a seller assisted marketing plan in this state, sellers shall not:

(a)Use the phrase “buy-back” or “secured investment” or similar phrase orally or in writing when soliciting, offering, leasing, or selling a seller assisted marketing plan if the “security” is the value of the equipment, supplies, products or services supplied by the seller to the purchaser.
(b)Use the phrase “buy-back” or “secured investment” or similar phrase orally or in writing when soliciting,

offering, leasing, or selling a seller assisted marketing plan unless there are no restrictions or qualifications whatsoever preventing or limiting a purchaser from being able to invoke the “buy-back” or “secured” portion of the seller assisted marketing plan contract at any time the purchaser desires during the one-year period following the contract date. Upon invocation of the “buy-back” or “security” provision, the minimum amount a purchaser shall be entitled to have returned to him is the full amount of his initial payment, less the amount actually received by him from the operation of the seller assisted marketing plan. The “amount actually received” means either the amount the purchaser actually obtained from the seller for any product resold to the seller or the amount of money the purchaser received for use of the purchaser’s product, equipment, supplies or services, less any amount:

(1)the purchaser has paid the owner or manager of the location at which the purchaser’s products, equipment, supplies

or services are placed; and (2) the purchaser has paid to obtain other items needed in order to sell, make, produce, fabricate, grow, breed, modify, or develop the item which the seller assisted marketing plan purchaser intends to sell, lease, distribute, or otherwise dispose of.

(c)Represent that a purchaser’s initial payment is “secured” in any manner or to any degree or that the seller provides a “buy-back” arrangement unless the seller has, in conformity with subdivision (b) of Section 1812.214, either obtained a surety bond issued by a surety company admitted to do business in this state or established a trust account at a federally insured bank or savings and loan association located in this state.
(d)Represent that the seller assisted marketing plan provides income or earning potential of any kind unless the seller has data to substantiate the claims of income or earning

potential and discloses this data to the purchaser at the time the claim is made, if made in person, or if made through written or telephonic communication, at the first in-person communication thereafter and, when disclosed, the data is left with the purchaser. A mathematical computation of the number of sales multiplied by the amount of profit per sale to reach a projected income figure is not sufficient data to substantiate an income or earning potential claim. Income or earning potential claims cannot be made or implied at all unless they are based on the experience of at least 10 purchasers from the seller assisted marketing plan being offered. The data left by the seller must, at a minimum, disclose:

(1)The length of time the seller has been selling the particular seller assisted marketing plan being offered;
(2)The number of purchasers from the seller known to the seller

to have made at least the same sales, income or profits as those represented; and

(3)The percentage the number represents of the total number of purchasers from the seller.
(e)Use the trademark, service mark, trade name, logotype, advertising or other commercial symbol of any business which does not either control the ownership interest in the seller or accept responsibility for all representations made by the seller in regard to the seller assisted marketing plan, unless the nature of the seller’s relationship to such other business entity is set forth immediately adjacent to and in type size equal to or larger than that used to depict the commercial symbol of such other business. If a member of a trade association, the seller may use the logo or registration mark of the trade association in advertisements and materials without regard to this subdivision.
(f)Place or cause to be placed any advertisement for a seller assisted marketing plan which does not include the actual business name of the seller, and if it differs, the name under which the seller assisted marketing plan is operated and the street address of the principal place of business of the seller.

Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 258, Sec. 3.

At the first in-person communication with a potential purchaser or in the first written response to an inquiry by a potential purchaser, whichever occurs first, wherein the seller assisted marketing plan is described, the seller or his or her representative shall provide the prospective purchaser a written document, the cover sheet of which is entitled in at least 16-point boldface capital letters “DISCLOSURE REQUIRED BY CALIFORNIA LAW.” Under the title shall appear in boldface of at least 10-point type, the statement: “The State of California has not reviewed and does not approve, recommend, endorse or sponsor any seller assisted marketing plan. The

information contained in this disclosure has not been checked by the state. If you have any questions about this purchase, see an attorney or other financial adviser before you sign a contract or agreement.” Nothing shall appear on the cover sheet except the title and the statement required above. The disclosure document shall contain the following information:

(a)The name of the seller, the name under which the seller is doing or intends to do business and the name of any parent or affiliated company that will engage in business transactions with purchasers or accept responsibility for statements made by the seller.
(b)A statement of the initial payment to be paid by the purchaser to the seller, or when not known, a statement of the approximate initial payment charged, the amount of the initial payment to be paid to a person inducing, directly or indirectly, a purchaser to

contract for the seller assisted marketing plan.

(c)A full and detailed description of the actual services the seller will undertake to perform for the purchaser.
(d)When the seller makes any statement concerning earnings or range of earnings that may be made through the seller assisted marketing plan, he must comply with subdivision (d) of Section 1812.204 and set forth in complete form in this disclosure statement the following:

“No guarantee of earnings or ranges of earnings can be made. The number of purchasers who have earned through this business an amount in excess of the amount of their initial payment is at least ______, which represents ___ percent of the total number of purchasers of this seller assisted marketing plan.”

(e)If training of any type is promised

by the seller, a complete description of the training and the length of the training.

(f)If the seller promises services to be performed in connection with the placement of the equipment, product or supplies at a location from which they will be sold or used, the full nature of those services as well as the nature of the agreements to be made with the owner or manager of the location at which the purchaser’s equipment, product or supplies will be placed, must be set forth.
(g)If the seller represents orally or in writing when soliciting or offering for sale or lease or selling or leasing a seller assisted marketing plan that there is a “buy-back” arrangement or that the initial payment is in some manner protected from loss or “secured,” the entire and precise nature of the “buy-back”, “protection” or “security” arrangement shall be completely and clearly

disclosed.

Amended by Stats. 2009, Ch. 500, Sec. 13. (AB 1059) Effective January 1, 2010.

At least 48 hours prior to the execution of a seller assisted marketing plan contract or agreement or at least 48 hours prior to the receipt of any consideration, whichever occurs first, the seller or his or her representative shall provide to the prospective purchaser in writing a document entitled “SELLER ASSISTED MARKETING PLAN INFORMATION SHEET.” The seller may combine the information required under this section with

the information required under Section 1812.205 and, if done, shall utilize the single title “DISCLOSURES REQUIRED BY CALIFORNIA LAW,” and the title page required by Section 1812.205. If a combined document is used, it shall be given at the time required by Section 1812.205, provided that this time meets the 48-hour test of this section. The information sheet required by this section shall contain the following:

(a)The name of and the office held by the seller’s owners, officers, directors, trustees and general or limited partners, as the case may be, and the names of those individuals who have management responsibilities in connection with the seller’s business activities.
(b)A statement whether the seller, any person identified in subdivision (a), and any other company managed by a person identified in subdivision (a):
(1)Has been convicted of a felony or misdemeanor or pleaded nolo contendere to a felony or misdemeanor charge if the felony or misdemeanor involved an alleged violation of this title, fraud, embezzlement, fraudulent conversion or misappropriation of property.
(2)Has been held liable in a civil action by final judgment or consented to the entry of a stipulated judgment if the civil action alleged a violation of this title, fraud, embezzlement, fraudulent conversion or misappropriation of property or the use of untrue or misleading representations in an attempt to sell or dispose of real or personal property or the use of unfair, unlawful or deceptive business practices.
(3)Is subject to any currently effective agreement, injunction, or restrictive order, including, but not limited to, a “cease and desist” order, an “assurance of discontinuance,” or other comparable

agreement or order, relating to business activity as the result of an action or investigation brought by a public agency or department, including, but not limited to, an action affecting any vocational license.

The statements required by paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) of this subdivision shall set forth the terms of the agreement, or the court, the docket number of the matter, the date of the conviction or of the judgment and, when involved, the name of the governmental agency that initiated the investigation or brought the action resulting in the conviction or judgment.

(4)Has at any time during the previous seven fiscal years been the subject of an order for relief in bankruptcy, been reorganized due to insolvency, or been a principal, director, officer, trustee, general or limited partner, or had management responsibilities of any other person, as defined in subdivision (b) of Section 1812.201, that

has so filed or was so reorganized, during or within one year after the period that the individual held that position. If so, the name and location of the person having so filed, or having been so reorganized, the date thereof, the court which exercised jurisdiction, and the docket number of the matter shall be set forth.

(c)The length of time the seller:
(1)Has sold seller assisted marketing plans.
(2)Has sold the specific seller assisted marketing plan being offered to the purchaser.
(d)If the seller is required to secure a bond or establish a trust account pursuant to the requirements of Section 1812.204, the information sheet shall state either:
(1)“Seller has secured a bond

issued by

a surety company admitted to do business in this state. Before signing a contract to purchase this seller assisted marketing plan, you should check with the surety company to determine the bond’s current status,” or

(2)“Seller has deposited with the office of the Attorney General information regarding its trust account. Before signing a contract to purchase this seller assisted

marketing plan, you should check with the Attorney General to determine the current status of the trust account.”

(e)A copy of a recent, not more than 12 months old, financial statement of the seller, together with a statement of any material changes in the financial condition of the seller from the date thereof. That financial statement shall either be audited or be under penalty of perjury signed by one of the seller’s officers, directors, trustees or general or limited partners. The declaration under penalty of perjury shall indicate that to the best of the signatory’s knowledge and belief the information in the financial statement is true and accurate; the date of signature and the location where signed shall also be indicated. Provided, however, that where a seller is a subsidiary of another corporation which is permitted by generally accepted accounting standards to prepare financial statements on a consolidated basis, the above

information may be submitted in the same manner for the parent if the corresponding financial statement of the seller is also provided and the parent absolutely and irrevocably has agreed to guarantee all obligations of the seller.

(f)An unexecuted copy of the entire seller assisted marketing plan contract.
(g)For purposes of this section, “seller’s owners” means any individual who holds an equity interest of at least 10 percent in the seller.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

Every contract for sale or lease of a seller assisted marketing plan in this state shall be in writing and shall be subject to the provisions of this title. A copy of the fully completed contract and all other documents the seller requires the purchaser to sign shall be given to the purchaser at the time they are signed.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

The purchaser shall have the right to cancel a seller assisted marketing plan contract for any reason at any time within three business days of the date the purchaser and the seller sign the contract. The notice of the right to cancel and the procedures to be followed when a contract is canceled shall comply with Section 1812.209.

Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 1021, Sec. 4.

Every seller assisted marketing plan contract shall set forth in at least 10-point type or equivalent size if handwritten, all of the following:

(a)The terms and conditions of payment including the initial payment, additional payments, and downpayment required. If the contract provides for the seller to receive more than 20 percent of the initial payment before delivery to the purchaser of the equipment, supplies or products or services to be furnished under the terms of the contract, the contract shall clearly set forth for the escrow account established pursuant to subdivision (b) of

Section 1812.210 and the name and address of the escrow account holder, as well as the institution, branch, and account number of the escrow account. If the contract provides for payment of any amount in excess of 20 percent of the initial payment prior to delivery of the equipment, supplies or products or services to be furnished under the terms of the contract, the contract shall set forth that payment of the amount in excess of 20 percent shall be by separate instrument made payable to the escrow account.

(b)Immediately above the place at which the purchaser signs the contract the following notification, in boldface type, of the purchaser’s right to cancel the contract:

“You have three business days in which you may cancel this contract for any reason by mailing or delivering written notice to the seller assisted marketing plan seller. The three business days shall expire on

If you choose to mail your notice, it must be placed in the United States mail properly addressed, first-class postage prepaid, and postmarked before midnight of the above date. If you choose to deliver your notice to the seller directly, it must be delivered to him by the end of his normal business day on the above date. Within five business days of receipt of the

notice of cancellation, the seller shall return to the purchaser all sums paid by the purchaser to the seller pursuant to this contract. Within five business days after receipt of all such sums, the purchaser shall make available at his address or at the place at which they were caused to be located, all equipment, products and supplies provided to the purchaser pursuant to this contract. Upon demand of the seller, such equipment, products and supplies shall be made available at the time the purchaser receives full repayment by cash, money order or certified check.”

(c)A full and detailed description of the acts or services the seller will undertake to perform for the purchaser.
(d)The seller’s principal business address and the name and the address of its agent, other than the Secretary of State, in the State of California authorized to receive service of process.
(e)The business form of the seller, whether corporate, partnership or otherwise.
(f)The delivery date or, when the contract provides for a staggered delivery of items to the purchaser, the approximate delivery date of those products, equipment or supplies the seller is to deliver to the purchaser to enable the purchaser to begin or maintain his business and whether the products, equipment or supplies are to be delivered to the purchaser’s home or business address or are to be placed or caused to be placed by the seller at locations owned or managed by persons other than the purchaser.
(g)A complete description of the nature of the “buy-back”, “protection”, or “security” arrangement, if the seller has represented orally or in writing when selling or leasing, soliciting or offering a seller assisted marketing plan that

there is a “buy-back” or that the initial payment or any part of it is “protected” or “secured.”

(h)A statement which accurately sets forth a purchaser’s right to void the contract under the circumstances and in the manner set forth in subdivisions (a) and (b) of Section 1812.215.
(i)The name of the supplier and the address of such supplier of the products, equipment, or supplies the seller is to deliver to the purchaser to enable the purchaser to begin or maintain his business.

Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 1021, Sec. 5.

(a)No seller assisted marketing plan contract shall require or entail the execution of any note or series of notes by the purchaser which, when separately negotiated, will cut off as to third parties any right of action or defense which the purchaser may have against the seller.
(b)If the contract referred to in Section 1812.209 provides for a downpayment to be paid to the seller, the downpayment shall not exceed 20 percent of the initial payment amount. In no event shall the contract payment schedule provide for the seller to receive more than 20 percent of the

initial payment before delivery to the purchaser, or to the place at which they are to be located, the equipment, supplies or products, unless all sums in excess of 20 percent are placed in an escrow account as provided for in subdivision (c) of Section 1812.214. Funds placed in an escrow account shall not be released until the purchaser notifies the escrow holder in writing of the delivery of such equipment, supplies or products within the time limits set forth in the seller assisted marketing plan contract. Notification of delivery by the purchaser to the escrow holder shall not be unreasonably withheld.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

Any assignee of the seller assisted marketing plan contract or the seller’s rights is subject to all equities, rights and defenses of the purchaser against the seller.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

No seller shall make or authorize the making of any reference to its compliance with this title.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

Every seller shall at all times keep and maintain a complete set of books, records and accounts of seller assisted marketing plan sales made by the seller. All documents relating to each specific seller assisted marketing plan sold or leased shall be maintained for four years after the date of the seller assisted marketing plan contract.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1491, Sec. 3.

(a)Every seller of seller-assisted marketing plans other than a California corporation shall file with the Attorney General an irrevocable consent appointing the Secretary of State or successor in office to act as the seller’s attorney to receive service or any lawful process in any noncriminal suit, action or proceeding against the seller or the seller’s successor, executor or administrator, which may arise under this title. When service is made upon the Secretary of State, it shall have the same force and validity as if served personally on the seller. Service may be made by leaving a copy of the process in the office of the

Secretary of State, but it shall not be effective unless:

(1)The plaintiff forthwith sends by first-class mail a notice of the service upon the Secretary of State and a copy of the process to the defendant or respondent at the last address on file with the Attorney General; and
(2)The plaintiff’s affidavit of compliance with this section is filed in the case on or before the return date of the process, if any, or within such further time as the court allows.
(b)If, pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 1812.204, a seller must obtain a surety bond or establish a trust account, the following procedures apply:
(1)If a bond is obtained, a copy of it shall be filed with the Attorney General; if a trust account is established, notification of the

depository, the trustee and the account number shall be filed with the Attorney General.

(2)The bond or trust account required shall be in favor of the State of California for the benefit of any person who is damaged by any violation of this title or by the seller’s breach of a contract subject to this title or of any obligation arising therefrom. The trust account shall also be in favor of any person damaged by these practices.
(3)Any person claiming against the trust account for a violation of this title may maintain an action at law against the seller and the trustee. The surety or trustee shall be liable only for actual damages and not the punitive damages permitted under Section 1812.218. The aggregate liability of the trustee to all persons damaged by a seller’s violation of this title shall in no event exceed the amount of the trust account.
(4)The bond or the trust account shall be in an amount equal to the total amount of the “initial payment” section of all seller-assisted marketing plan contracts the seller has entered into during the previous year or three hundred thousand dollars ($300,000), whichever is less, but in no case shall the amount be less than fifty thousand dollars ($50,000). The amount required shall be adjusted twice a year, no later than the tenth day of the first month of the seller’s fiscal year and no later than the tenth day of the seventh month of the seller’s fiscal year. A seller need only establish a bond or trust account in the amount of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) at the commencement of business and during the first six months the seller is in business. By the tenth day of the seller’s seventh month in business, the amount of the bond or trust account shall be established as provided for herein as if the seller had been in business for a year.
(c)If, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 1812.210, a seller utilizes an escrow account to receive those portions of the downpayment in excess of 20 percent of the initial payment before delivery to the purchaser of the equipment, supplies or products or services to be furnished under the terms of the contract, the following procedures shall apply:
(1)The holder of the escrow account shall be independent of the seller, and the seller shall not have any authority to direct disbursements from the escrow account by the holder except upon written notification by the purchaser to the holder of the escrow account of the delivery of the equipment, supplies, or products as required by and within the time limits set forth in the seller assisted marketing plan contract.
(2)The name and address of the escrow account holder,

the name of the institution, the branch and account number of the escrow account shall be reported to the Attorney General by the seller.

(3)Any person claiming against the escrow account for a violation of this title may maintain an action at law against the seller and the escrow account holder. The escrow account holder shall be liable only for actual damages and not the punitive damages permitted under Section 1812.218. The aggregate liability of the escrow account holder to all persons damaged by a seller’s violation of this title shall in no event exceed the amount of the escrow account.

Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 258, Sec. 8.

(a)If a seller uses any untrue or misleading statements to sell or lease a seller assisted marketing plan, or fails to comply with Section 1812.203, or fails to give the disclosure documents or disclose any of the information required by Sections 1812.205 and 1812.206, or the contract does not comply with the requirements of this title, then within one year of the date of the contract at the election of the purchaser upon written notice to the seller, the contract shall be voidable by the purchaser and unenforceable by the seller or his assignee as contrary to public policy and the purchaser shall be entitled to receive from

the seller all sums paid to the seller when the purchaser is able to return all equipment, supplies or products delivered by the seller; when such complete return cannot be made, the purchaser shall be entitled to receive from the seller all sums paid to the seller less the fair market value at the time of delivery of the equipment, supplies or products not returned by the purchaser, but delivered by the seller. Upon the receipt of such sums, the purchaser shall make available to the seller at the purchaser’s address or at the places at which they are located at the time the purchaser gives notice pursuant to this section, the products, equipment or supplies received by the purchaser from the seller. Provided, however, if the seller inadvertently has failed to make any of the disclosures required by Section 1812.205 or 1812.206 or the contract inadvertently fails to comply with the requirements of this title, the seller may cure such inadvertent defect by providing the purchaser with the correct disclosure

statements or contract if at the time of providing such correct disclosures or contract the seller also informs the purchaser in writing that because of the seller’s error, the purchaser has an additional 15-day period after receipt of the correct disclosures or contract within which to cancel the contract and receive a full return of all moneys paid in exchange for return of whatever equipment, supplies or products the purchaser has. If the purchaser does not cancel the contract within 15 days after receipt of the correct disclosures or contract, he may not in the future exercise his right to void the contract under this section due to such noncompliance with the disclosure or contract requirements of this title.

(b)If a seller fails to deliver the equipment, supplies or product within 30 days of the delivery date stated in the contract, unless such delivery delay is beyond the control of the seller, then at any time prior to delivery or

within 30 days after delivery, at the election of the purchaser upon written notice to the seller, the contract shall be voidable by the purchaser and unenforceable by the seller or his assignee as contrary to public policy.

The rights of the purchaser set forth in this section shall be cumulative to all other rights under this title or otherwise.

Amended by Stats. 1981, Ch. 258, Sec. 9.

(a)Any waiver by a purchaser of the provisions of this title shall be deemed contrary to public policy and shall be void and unenforceable. Any attempt by a seller to have a purchaser waive rights given by this title shall be a violation of this title.
(b)In any proceeding involving this title, the burden of proving an exemption or an exception from a definition is upon the person claiming it.

Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 15, Sec. 34. (AB 109) Effective April 4, 2011. Operative October 1, 2011, by Sec. 636 of Ch. 15, as amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 39, Sec. 68.

Any person, including, but not limited to, the seller, a salesman, agent or representative of the seller or an independent contractor who attempts to sell or lease or sells or leases a seller assisted marketing plan, who willfully violates any provision of this title or employs, directly or indirectly, any device, scheme or artifice to deceive in connection with the offer or sale of any seller

assisted marketing plan, or willfully engages, directly or indirectly, in any act, practice or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon any person in connection with the offer, purchase, lease or sale of any seller assisted marketing plan shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each unlawful transaction, or imprisoned pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code, or imprisoned in a county jail for not more than one year, or be punished by both that fine and imprisonment.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

Any purchaser injured by a violation of this title or by the seller’s breach of a contract subject to this title or of any obligation arising from the sale or lease of the seller assisted marketing plan may bring any action for recovery of damages. Judgment shall be entered for actual damages, plus reasonable attorney’s fees and costs, but in no case shall the award of damages be less than the amount of the initial payment provided the purchaser is able to return all the equipment, supplies or products delivered by the seller; when such complete return cannot be made, the minimum award shall be no less than the amount of the initial payment less the fair market value at

the time of delivery of the equipment, supplies or products that cannot be returned but were actually delivered by the seller. An award, if the trial court deems it proper, may be entered for punitive damages.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

The provisions of this title are not exclusive. The remedies provided herein for violation of any section of this title or for conduct proscribed by any section of this title shall be in addition to any other procedures or remedies for any violation or conduct provided for in any other law.

Nothing in this title shall limit any other statutory or any common law rights of the Attorney General, any district attorney or city attorney, or any other person. If any act or practice proscribed under this title also constitutes a cause of action in common law or a violation of another statute, the purchaser may assert such common law or

statutory cause of action under the procedures and with the remedies provided for in such other law.

Added by Stats. 1978, Ch. 876.

If any provision of this act or if any application thereof to any person or circumstance is held unconstitutional, the remainder of the title and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Amended by Stats. 1989, Ch. 1021, Sec. 7.

(a)When a deposit has been made in lieu of bond pursuant to paragraph (1) of subdivision (b) of Section 1812.214 and Section 995.710 of the Code of Civil Procedure, the person asserting a claim against the deposit shall, in lieu of the provisions of Section 996.430 of the Code of Civil Procedure, establish the claim by furnishing evidence to the Attorney General of a money judgment entered by a court together with evidence that the claimant is a person described in paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) of Section 1812.214.
(b)When a person has completely established

the claim with the Attorney General, the Attorney General shall forthwith review and approve the claim and enter the date of approval thereon. The claim shall be designated an “approved claim. ”

(c)When the first claim against a particular deposit account has been approved, it shall not be paid until the expiration of a period of 240 days after the date of its approval by the Attorney General. Subsequent claims which are approved by the Attorney General within the same 240-day period shall similarly not be paid until the expiration of the 240-day period. Forthwith upon the expiration of the 240-day period, the Attorney General shall pay all approved claims from that 240-day period in full unless there are insufficient funds in the deposit account in which case each approved claim shall be paid a proportionate amount to exhaust the deposit account.
(d)When the Attorney General

approves the first claim against a particular deposit account after the expiration of a 240-day period, the date of approval of that claim shall begin a new 240-day period to which subdivision (c) shall apply with respect to the amount remaining in the deposit account.

(e)After a deposit account is exhausted, no further claims shall be paid by the Attorney General. Claimants who have had their claims paid in full or in part pursuant to subdivisions (c) and (d) shall not be required to make a contribution back to the deposit account for the benefit of other claimants.
(f)When a deposit has been made in lieu of bond, the amount of the deposit shall not be subject to attachment, garnishment, or execution with respect to an action or judgment against the seller, other than as to an amount as no longer needed or required for the purpose of this title which would otherwise be returned

to the seller by the Attorney General.

Amended by Stats. 1994, Ch. 1010, Sec. 45. Effective January 1, 1995.

For the purposes of this title:

(a)“Membership camping operator” means any enterprise, other than one that is tax exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, that has as one of its purposes the ownership or operation of campgrounds which include or may include use of camping sites, that solicits membership paid for by a fee or periodic payments, such as annual dues, and the contractual members are the primary intended users. “Membership camping operator”

does not include camping or recreational trailer parks, as defined in Section 18215 of the Health and Safety Code, which are open to the general public and which contain camping sites rented for a per use fee, or a “mobilehome park,” as defined in either Section 798.4 of the Civil Code or Section 18214 of the Health and Safety Code.

As used in this title, “seller” means membership camping operator.

(b)“Membership camping contract” means an agreement offered or sold within the State of California by a membership camping operator or membership camping broker evidencing a purchaser’s right or license to use for more than 14 days in a year, the campgrounds of a membership camping operator and includes a membership which provides for this use.
(c)“Camping site” means a space designed and promoted for the purpose of locating a trailer, tent,

tent trailer, pickup camper, or other similar device used for camping.

(d)“Offer” means any solicitation reasonably designed to result in entering into a membership camping contract.
(e)“Person” means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, association, or other organization other than a government or a subdivision thereof.
(f)“Purchaser” means a person who enters into a membership camping contract and thereby obtains the right to use the campgrounds of a membership camping operator.
(g)“Sale” or “sell” means entering into, or other disposition, of a membership camping contract for value. The term “value” does not include a reasonable fee to offset the administrative costs of transfer of a membership camping

contract.

(h)“Campground” means real property within this state owned or operated by a membership camping operator and designated in whole or in part by the membership camping operator as available for camping or outdoor recreation by purchasers of membership camping contracts.
(i)“Blanket encumbrance” means any mortgage, deed of trust, option to purchase, vendor’s lien or interest under a contract or agreement of sale, or other financing lien or encumbrance granted by the membership camping operator or affiliate which secures or evidences the obligation to pay money or to sell or convey any campgrounds made available to purchasers by the membership camping operator or any portion thereof, and which authorizes, permits, or requires the foreclosure or other disposition of the campground.
(j)“Nondisturbance

agreement” means an instrument in recordable form by which the holder of a blanket encumbrance agrees to all of the following:

(1)The holder’s rights in any campground made available to purchasers, prior or subsequent to the agreement, by the membership camping operator shall be subordinate to the rights of purchasers from and after the recordation of the nondisturbance agreement.
(2)The holder and all successors and assignees of the holder, and any person who acquires the campground through foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure of the blanket encumbrance shall take the campground subject to the rights of purchasers.
(3)The holder or any successor acquiring the campground through the blanket encumbrance shall not use or cause the campground to be used in a manner which would materially prevent purchasers

from using or occupying the campground in a manner contemplated by the purchasers’ membership camping contracts. However, the holder shall have no obligation to, and no liability for failure to assume the responsibilities or obligations of, the membership camping operator under the membership camping contracts.

(k)“Membership camping contract broker” means a person who, for compensation, resells or offers to resell a membership camping contract to a new purchaser on behalf of a prior purchaser. Membership camping contract broker does not include a membership camping operator or its employees or agents.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 5.

The membership camping contracts and persons covered by this title shall be subject to Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 17200) of Part 2 of Division 7 and Article 1 (commencing with Section 17500) of Chapter 1 of Part 3 of Division 7 of the Business and Professions Code and the Unruh Act (Chapter 1 (commencing with Section 1801) of Title 2 of Part 4 of Division 3).

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 6.

A membership camping operator shall provide to a purchaser the following written disclosures in any format which clearly communicates the following reasonably current information before the purchaser signs a membership camping contract, or gives any money or thing of value for the purchase of a membership camping contract. The written disclosures shall be included in or attached to the contract before the time the contract is signed. The following information shall be updated once a year.

(a)The name and address of the membership camping operator and any material affiliate membership

camping operator.

(b)A brief description of the membership camping operator’s experience in the membership camping business, including the number of years the operator has been in the membership camping business; a brief description of the past five years’ business experience of the chairman, the president and chief executive officer, and if other than the foregoing, the person in charge of marketing of the membership camping operator, or persons in comparable positions in noncorporate operators, including the number of other membership camping operators with which the executive has been associated and the length of time with each.
(c)A brief description of the nature of the purchaser’s right or license to use the membership camping operator’s property or facilities.
(d)The location of each of the membership

camping operator’s campgrounds and a brief description for each campground of the significant facilities then available for use by purchasers and those which are represented to purchasers as being planned, together with a brief description of any significant facilities that are or will be available to nonpurchasers or nonmembers.

“Significant facilities” shall include, but are not limited to, each of the following: the number of campsites, in each campground; the number of campsites in each campground with full or partial hookups; swimming pools; tennis courts; recreation buildings; restrooms and showers; laundry rooms; trading posts; or grocery stores. “Partial hookups” mean those hookups with at least one of the following connections: electricity, water, or sewer connections.

Following such description there shall appear in 10-point bold type the following disclosure:

NOTICE:  PURCHASE A MEMBERSHIP CAMPING CONTRACT ONLY ON THE BASIS OF EXISTING FACILITIES. CONSTRUCTION OF PLANNED FACILITIES IS SOMETIMES DEFERRED OR REVISED FOR A VARIETY OF REASONS. SHOULD THE SALESPERSON DESCRIBE A SIGNIFICANT FACILITY WHICH IS NEITHER LISTED AS EXISTING NOR PLANNED, TELEPHONE COLLECT OR TOLL FREE DURING WEEKDAY BUSINESS HOURS TO [insert headquarter’s telephone number] TO VERIFY THE OPERATOR’S PLAN FOR SUCH A FACILITY.

(e)A brief description of the membership camping operator’s ownership of, or other right to use, the campgrounds represented to be available for use by purchasers, together with the duration and expiration date of any lease, license, franchise, or reciprocal agreement entitling the membership camping operator to use the campgrounds, and any material provisions of any agreements, land use permits, or operating licenses which

could materially restrict a purchaser’s use of the campgrounds under the terms of the purchaser’s camping contract.

(f)A summary or copy of the rules, restrictions, or covenants regulating the purchaser’s use of the membership camping operator’s properties, including a statement of whether and how the rules, restrictions, or covenants may be changed.
(g)A brief description of all payments of a purchaser under a membership camping contract, including initial fees and any further fees, charges, or assessments, together with any provisions for changing the payments.
(h)A description of any restraints on the transfer of the membership camping contract.
(i)A brief description of the policies relating to the availability of camping sites and whether

reservations are required.

(j)A brief description of any grounds for forfeiture of a purchaser’s membership camping contract.
(k)A copy of the membership camping contract form.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 7.

(a)A membership camping contract shall be written in the same language as that principally used in any oral sales presentation (e.g., Spanish). A membership camping contract shall be dated, signed by the purchaser, and contain, in immediate proximity to the space reserved for the signature of the purchaser, a conspicuous statement in a size equal to at least 10-point bold type, as follows:  “You, the purchaser, may cancel this contract at any time prior to midnight of the third business day after the date of the transaction. See an explanation of this right as set forth in this contract or on the

attached notice of cancellation form.”  In the alternative the notice of cancellation as set forth in subdivision (b) may be placed in immediate proximity to the signature line of the contract in lieu of the foregoing statement.

(b)The contract shall be accompanied by a completed form in duplicate, captioned “Notice of Cancellation”, which shall be attached to the contract and easily detachable. In the alternative, the seller may include all of the cancellation information on the contract and provide the consumer with a carbon copy which may be retained after cancellation. Both shall contain, in type of at least 10-point, the following statement written in the same language as used in the contract:

“With the notice of cancellation, or separately if a telegram is sent, you must return the original membership camping contract, membership card and all other evidence of membership to the seller. You should promptly return these documents with the notice of cancellation, or separately if a telegram is sent. Failure to send the documents promptly could delay your refund. You should

retain for your records one copy of the cancellation notice, or a carbon of the contract when it provides the cancellation information, or other writing showing intent to cancel. Mailing by ordinary mail is adequate but certified mail return receipt requested is recommended.”

(c)On the date of purchase the membership camping operator shall provide the purchaser with a copy of the contract and duplicate of the notice of cancellation. The membership camping operator shall inform the purchaser orally of the right to cancel at the time the contract is executed.
(d)Within 20 days after the membership camping operator receives a notice of cancellation, the membership camping contract, the membership card and all other evidence of purchase or membership, the membership camping operator shall refund to the purchaser any sums paid as a deposit, downpayment or other payment

therefor. If the purchaser does not promptly return the evidence of membership, the 20-day period shall be extended until such evidence of membership is returned.

(e)Until the membership camping operator has complied with this section, the purchaser shall have the right to cancel the contract.
(f)“Business day” means any calendar day except Sunday, or the following business holidays: New Year’s Day, Washington’s Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veteran’s Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 8.

(a)If the purchaser has not inspected at least one of the membership camping operator’s campgrounds prior to purchase of a membership camping contract, the notice shall contain the following additional language:

“If you sign this contract without having first inspected one of the membership camping operator’s campgrounds, you may also cancel this contract at any time prior to midnight of the 10th business day after date of purchase by mailing or delivering the signed and dated attached written notice of cancellation or a copy of the contract when that contains the cancellation

instructions together with the original camping club contract, membership card and any other evidence of membership.”

(b)The seller shall return any payment made by the purchaser under the contract or offer to purchase, and any negotiable instrument executed by the purchaser, within 10 days of the return of evidence of membership and cancellation of the contract by the purchaser. If the purchaser does not promptly return the evidence of membership, the 10-day period shall be extended until the evidence of membership is returned.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 847, Sec. 1.

The following transactions are exempt from the provisions of this title.

(a)An offer, sale or transfer by any one person of not more than one membership camping contract for any given membership camping operator in any 12-month period.
(b)An offer or sale by a government or governmental agency.
(c)A bona fide pledge of a membership camping contract.

Amended by Stats. 2006, Ch. 538, Sec. 51. Effective January 1, 2007.

(a)A purchaser’s remedy for errors in or omissions from the membership camping contract of any of the disclosures or requirements of Sections 1812.302 to 1812.304, inclusive, shall be limited to a right of rescission and refund. Reasonable attorney’s fees shall be awarded to the prevailing party in any action under this title. This limitation does not apply to errors or omissions from the contract, or disclosures or other requirements of this title, which are a part of a scheme to willfully misstate or omit the information required,

or other requirements imposed by this title.

(b)Any failure, except a willful or material failure, to comply with any provision of Sections 1812.302 to 1812.304, inclusive, may be corrected within 30 days after receipt of written notice to the membership camping operator from the purchaser, and, if so corrected, there shall be no right of rescission. The membership camping operator or the holder shall not be subject to any penalty under this title. However, there can be no correction that increases any monthly payment, the number of payments, or the total amount due, unless concurred to, in writing, by the purchaser. “Holder” includes the seller who acquires the contract, or if the contract is purchased, a financing agency or other assignee who purchases the contract.

Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 10.

No membership camping operator shall withdraw from the use by purchasers of membership camping contracts any campground unless one of the following conditions is satisfied:

(a)Adequate provision is made to provide within a reasonable time, a substitute campground in the same general area that is as desirable for the purpose of camping and outdoor recreation.
(b)The campground is withdrawn from use because, despite good faith efforts by the membership camping operator, a person not affiliated with the membership camping

operator has exercised a superior right to possession (such as the right of a lessor to take possession following expiration of a lease of the property) and the terms and date of the withdrawal were disclosed in writing to all purchasers at or prior to the time of any sale of a membership camping contract after the membership camping operator represented to purchasers that the campground would be available for camping or recreation purposes.

(c)The rights of all purchasers of membership camping contracts who are entitled to use the campground have expired or have been lawfully terminated.

Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 12.

(a)Except in the case of a membership camping operator substituting a campground in accordance with Section 1812.307, no membership camping operator or owner of the underlying fee shall sell, lease, assign, or otherwise transfer his or her interest in a campground except by an instrument evidencing the transfer recorded in the office of the county recorder for the county in which the campground is located. The instrument shall be in recordable form and be executed by both the transferor and transferee and shall state each of the following:
(1)That the instrument

is intended to protect the rights of all purchasers of membership camping contracts.

(2)That its terms may be enforced by any prior or subsequent purchaser so long as that purchaser is not in default on his or her obligations under the membership camping contract.
(3)That the transferee shall fully honor the rights of the purchasers to occupy and use the campground as provided in the purchaser’s original membership camping contracts.
(4)That the transferee shall fully honor all rights of purchasers to cancel their contracts and receive appropriate refunds.
(5)That the obligations of the transferee under the instrument will continue to exist despite any cancellation or rejection of the contracts between the membership camping operator and purchaser

arising out of bankruptcy proceedings.

(b)If any transfer of the interest of the membership camping operator or owner of the underlying fee occurs in a manner which is not in compliance with this section, the terms set forth in this section shall be presumed to be a part of the transfer and shall be deemed to be included in the instrument of transfer. Notice of the transfer shall be mailed to each purchaser within 30 days of the transfer. Persons who hold blanket encumbrances on a campground shall not be considered transferees for the purposes of this section.

Added by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 13.

(a)Campgrounds subject to this section include any campground which is offered or made available by an operator for the first time after January 1, 1991, or any campground which becomes subject to a new or refinanced blanket encumbrance after January 1, 1991. A membership camping operator shall not offer or represent that any campground subject to this section is available for use by the purchasers of its camping contracts unless one of the following conditions has been satisfied:
(1)The membership camping operator obtains and records a nondisturbance agreement

from each holder of a blanket encumbrance. The nondisturbance agreement is executed by the membership camping operator and each holder of the blanket encumbrance and includes the provisions set forth in subdivision (j) of Section 1812. 300 and each of the following:

(A)The instrument may be enforced by purchasers of membership camping contracts. If the membership camping operator is not in default under its obligations to the holder of the blanket encumbrance, the agreement may be enforced by both the membership camping operator and the purchasers.
(B)The nondisturbance agreement is effective as between each purchaser and the holder of the blanket encumbrance despite any rejection or cancellation of the purchaser’s contract during any bankruptcy proceedings of the membership camping operator.
(C)The agreement is

binding upon the successors in the interest of both the membership camping operator and the holder of the blanket encumbrance.

(D)A holder of the blanket encumbrance who obtains title or possession, or who causes a change in title or possession in a campground by foreclosure or otherwise, and who does not continue to operate the campground upon conditions no less favorable to members than existed prior to the change of title or possession shall either:
(i)Offer the title or possession of the campground to an association of members to operate the campground.

(ii) Obtain a commitment from another entity which obtains title or possession to undertake the responsibility of operating the campground.

(2)The membership camping operator posts a surety bond

or irrevocable letter of credit with a trustee in favor of purchasers and which guarantees that the payments on the blanket encumbrance are made as they become due. A trustee shall be either a corporate trustee or an attorney licensed to practice law in this state.

(3)The membership camping operator delivers to a trustee an encumbrance trust agreement which contains each of the following provisions:
(A)The membership camping operator shall collaterally assign to the trustee all of its membership camping contracts receivable or other receivables of the membership camping operator in an amount calculated in accordance with subparagraph (B). The membership camping operator shall provide the trustee with a security interest in the receivables and all proceeds therefrom. For purposes of this section, the membership camping operator shall be credited with 100 percent of the

outstanding principal balance of each receivable assigned to the trustee. All proceeds of the receivables shall be held in a trust account by the trustee subject to this section for the use and benefit of the purchasers to make the payments of principal and interest due under the blanket encumbrance. However, if the proceeds of the receivables during any calendar year exceed the amount due under the blanket encumbrance in the following calendar quarter, these excess funds shall be returned by the trustee to the membership camping operator.

(B)The amount of membership camping contracts receivable or other receivables to be collaterally assigned as described in subparagraph (A) shall be calculated based upon the maximum number of contracts per camping site to be offered on or after January 1, 1991, in connection with the campground in question, which number of contracts per camping site shall not exceed 15 multiplied by the total number of

camping sites available at the campground thereby yielding the anticipated total number of contracts to be sold in connection with the campground. The outstanding balance due under the blanket encumbrance shall then be divided by the anticipated total number of contracts to arrive at the amount per contract sold to be paid over to the trustee in the form of collaterally assigned receivables as described in subparagraph (A). The membership camping operator shall make the required collateral assignments to the trustee on a quarterly basis based upon the actual sales of contracts at the campground in question during the previous calendar quarter. However, the membership camping operator’s obligation to collaterally assign receivables to the trustee shall cease when the membership camping operator has collaterally assigned to the trustee an aggregate principal amount of receivables equal to 100 percent of the aggregate principal indebtedness remaining due under the blanket encumbrance.

(C)If the outstanding balance due under the blanket encumbrance at the time of execution of the encumbrance trust agreement exceeds the anticipated gross revenue based upon the membership camping operator’s price list to be generated by the sale of the anticipated total number of contracts as calculated in subparagraph (B), the membership camping operator shall meet the conditions specified in paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of this subdivision as to the full amount of the excess.
(D)It may be terminated by the membership camping operator if the membership camping operator has satisfied the obligation secured by the blanket encumbrance in full or has complied with paragraph (1), (2), or (4) of this subdivision. Upon termination of the agreement, all receivables and proceeds thereof held by the trustee shall be immediately assigned and delivered to the membership camping operator. All

costs of administering this trust, filing, and perfecting the security interest, and foreclosing the lien shall be borne by the membership camping operator.

(4)Any financial institution which has made a hypothecation loan to the membership camping operator (a “hypothecation lender”) shall have a lien on, or security interest in, the membership camping operator’s interest in the campground, and the hypothecation lender shall have executed and recorded a nondisturbance agreement at the county recorder’s office for the county in which the campground is located. Each person holding an interest in a blanket encumbrance superior to the interest held by the hypothecation lender shall execute and record at the county recorder’s office, an instrument stating that the person shall give the hypothecation lender notice of, and at least 30 days to cure, any default under the blanket encumbrance before the person commences any foreclosure action affecting

the campground. For the purposes of this paragraph, a “hypothecation loan to a membership camping operator” means a loan or line of credit secured by membership camping contracts receivable arising from the sale of membership camping contracts by the membership camping operator, which exceeds in the aggregate all outstanding indebtedness secured by blanket encumbrances superior to the interest held by the hypothecation lender.

A hypothecation lender who obtains title or possession, or who causes a change in title or possession, in a campground, by foreclosure or otherwise, and who does not continue to operate the campground upon conditions no less favorable to purchasers than existed prior to the change of title or possession shall either:

(A)Offer the title or possession to an association of members to operate the campground.
(B)Obtain a commitment from another entity which obtains title to, or possession of, the campground to undertake the responsibility of operating the campground.
(b)Any membership camping operator which does not comply at all times with subdivision (a) with regard to any blanket encumbrance in connection with any campground subject to that subdivision is prohibited from offering any membership camping contracts for sale during the period of noncompliance.

Added by renumbering Section 1812.307 by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 9.

(a)All money received from the owner of a membership camping contract or the prospective purchaser thereof, by a membership camping contract broker in advance of the completion of any membership camping contract resale, including, but not limited to, listing fees, and fees for services, shall be deposited into an escrow account. The money shall not be disbursed until the transaction is complete, or until the escrow agent has received written instructions to disburse the funds signed by the owner of the membership camping contract or the prospective purchaser and the broker. For purposes of this section, a transaction is complete

when ownership of the membership camping contract has been transferred from the prior purchaser to the new purchaser in the manner required by the terms of the membership camping contract, all documents necessary to complete the transfer have been fully executed, and the new purchaser has not exercised the right to cancel provided in paragraph (2) of subdivision (c).

(b)The broker shall inform the new purchaser in writing of the following:
(1)The risks of purchasing a membership camping contract without visiting at least one of the membership camping operator’s campgrounds.
(2)That the membership camping operator may have a valid reason for not transferring the contract to the new purchaser such as a default in payment on contract or annual dues, or that the new purchaser does not meet the same credit standards

applied to other new purchasers.

(3)That there may have been changes in the rules or regulations concerning the rights and obligations of the membership camping operator or its members including changes with respect to annual dues, fees, assessments, use restrictions or that some campgrounds may have been withdrawn.
(4)Any material changes or risks to the purchaser known to the broker.
(c)(1) Every broker shall provide in writing the following notice of cancellation to the new purchaser:

“You may cancel your contract of purchase, without any penalty or obligation, within 10 business days from the above date of purchase by mailing notice of cancellation together with the membership camping contract, if any, any contract for transfer, membership

card or other evidence of membership to

Notice by ordinary mail is adequate but certified mail return receipt requested is recommended.”

(2)Any escrow company which receives a notice of cancellation from a purchaser shall, within 72 hours of receipt of the notice, notify the

membership camping operator of the cancellation and shall refund any sums paid by the purchaser of the contract within 10 days of receipt of the notice of the cancellation and other documents. The escrow company shall incur no liability to the seller, purchaser, or broker as a result of its compliance with this section.

Added by renumbering Section 1812.308 by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1529, Sec. 11.

If any provision of this title or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the invalidity shall not affect other provisions or applications of this title which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this title are severable.

Added by Stats. 2002, Ch. 815, Sec. 21. Effective January 1, 2003.

Any waiver of the provisions of this title is contrary to public policy, and is void and unenforceable.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

The Legislature finds and declares that it is unfair for a creditor who has directly participated in, arranged, or received a commission or other compensation for the sale of credit disability insurance to the debtor, or that creditor’s successor in interest, to invoke a creditor’s remedy because of a debtor’s nonpayment of any sum which has become due during a period of disability until a reasonable time has passed for the disability insurance claim to be filed, verified and processed.

Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 1200, Sec. 1. Effective September 17, 1984.

For the purposes of this title:

(a)“Credit disability insurance” means insurance of a debtor to provide indemnity for payments becoming due on a specific loan or other credit transaction while the debtor is disabled as defined in the policy.
(b)“Creditor” means the lender of money or vendor or lessor of goods, services, property, rights, or privileges, for which payment is arranged through a credit transaction, who has directly participated in, arranged, or received a commission or other

compensation for the sale of credit disability insurance to the debtor, or any successor to the right, title, or interest of any such lender, vendor, or lessor, and an affiliate, associate, or subsidiary of any of them or any director, officer, or employee of any of them, or any other person in any way associated with any of them.

(c)“Debtor” means a borrower of money or a purchaser or lessee of goods, services, property, rights, or privileges for which payment is arranged through a credit transaction.
(d)“Creditor’s remedy” means and includes the imposition of any late charge or penalty, the acceleration of the maturity of all or any part of the indebtedness, the collection or assignment for the collection of all or any part of the indebtedness, the commencement of any action or special proceeding, or the enforcement of any security interest in any manner, including, but not

limited to, repossession, foreclosure, or the exercise of a power of sale contained in a deed of trust or mortgage.

(e)“Disability claim period” or “claim period” means the period beginning on the due date of the first payment not paid by the debtor for which the debtor claims disability coverage arising from a then current disability and continuing until three calendar months thereafter or until the insurer pays or rejects the claim, whichever occurs sooner.
(f)“Notice” to a creditor means written notice deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the creditor at the location where payments on the loan or credit transaction are normally required to be sent by the debtor. A creditor may elect to require that written notice, otherwise complying with the requirements of this subdivision, be sent to a different location or may elect to accept telephonic

notice to a telephone number specified by the creditor, in either case in lieu of notice being sent to the location where payments are regularly required to be sent, if that location or telephone number is clearly and conspicuously disclosed as the proper place to direct any notice to the creditor relating to any claim of disability on each monthly billing, or on or in each payment coupon book (by adhesive attachment, republication, or otherwise), as the case may be, or (if payments are automatically deducted from an account of the debtor) on the annual statement of loan activity. In any particular instance a creditor may waive the requirement that notice be in writing and accept oral notice.

Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 1200, Sec. 2. Effective September 17, 1984.

(a)No creditor, as defined in Section 1812.401, shall invoke any creditor’s remedy against a debtor because of the debtor’s nonpayment of any sum which becomes due during any disability claim period and for which credit disability insurance coverage, subject to this title, is provided.
(b)Upon initially receiving notice, as defined in subdivision (f) of Section 1812.401, of the debtor’s claim of disability, the creditor shall inform the debtor in writing of the name, address, and telephone number of the insurer or its designated

representative from whom the debtor may obtain claim forms. Upon receiving notice of the disability claim, the insurer or its designated representative shall send necessary claim forms to the debtor. The debtor shall submit the claim to the insurer or its designated representative and shall notify the creditor, as specified in subdivision (f) of Section 1812.401, that a claim has been submitted.

This subdivision shall apply to the original creditor who sold the disability insurance and shall not apply to that creditor’s successor in interest if the successor in interest (1) is not related by common ownership or control to that creditor and (2) has no information regarding the name, address, and telephone number of the insurer or its designated representative.

(c)Nothing in this section prohibits a creditor from invoking any creditor’s remedy during or after the claim period for the debtor’s nonpayment

of any sum due prior to the claim period, whether or not the nonpayment is related to the claimed disability, or for the debtor’s nonpayment of any interest, finance charge, or late charge accruing during the claim period of any sum due prior to the period.

(d)Nothing in this section prohibits a creditor from foreclosing a lien on any property to protect that creditor’s security interest if a senior lienholder on that property (1) has initiated the foreclosure of its lien, (2) is not prohibited from continuing the foreclosure by any law or order of court, or (3) will not otherwise suspend or delay its foreclosure proceeding until after the disability claim period.
(e)If the insurer pays the claim within the disability claim period, the creditor shall treat each payment made by the insurer as though it were timely made by the debtor. If the insurer rejects the claim within the

disability claim period or accepts the claim within the claim period as a partial disability which results in a payment of less than the full benefit which would be paid for the total disability, the debtor shall have the opportunity to pay the entire amount which became due during the claim period or the difference between the amount which became due during the claim period and the amount paid by the insurer for the partial disability without being subject to any creditor’s remedy, except the imposition of late charges, for 35 days following the date on which the insurer sends notice of the rejection of the claim or acceptance of the claim as a partial disability. In the event the debtor does not pay the entire amount which became due during the claim period plus any accrued late charges within 35 days from that date, the creditor may then invoke any creditor’s remedy.

(f)The obligations of the creditor and debtor pursuant to this section

shall be disclosed in writing in at least 10-point type by the creditor to the debtor at the time the creditor sells the insurance, in the manner provided in paragraph (1), and by the insurer to the debtor at the time the insurer sends claim forms pursuant to subdivision (b), in the manner provided in paragraph (2).

(1)The disclosure required by the creditor shall be substantially in the following form:

CLAIM PROCEDURE

If you become disabled, tell us (your creditor) right away. (We advise you to send this information to the same address to which you are normally required to send your payments, unless a different address or telephone number is given to you in writing by us as the location where we would like to be notified.) We will tell you where to get claim forms. Send

in the completed form to the insurance company as soon as possible and tell us as soon as you do.

If your disability insurance covers all of your missed payment, WE CANNOT TRY TO COLLECT WHAT YOU OWE OR FORECLOSE UPON OR REPOSSESS ANY COLLATERAL UNTIL THREE CALENDAR MONTHS AFTER your first missed payment is due or until the insurance company pays or rejects your claim, whichever comes first. We can, however, try to collect, foreclose, or repossess if you have money due and owing us or are otherwise in default when your disability claim is made or if a senior mortgage or lien holder is foreclosing.

If the insurance company pays the claim within the three calendar months, we must accept the money as though you paid on time. If the insurance company rejects the claim within the three calendar months or accepts the claim within the three calendar months as a partial disability and pays less than for a total disability, you will

have 35 days from the date that the rejection or the acceptance of the partial disability claim is sent to pay past due payments, or the difference between past due payments and what the insurance company pays for the partial disability, plus late charges. You can contact us, and we will tell you how much you owe. After that time, we can take action to collect or foreclose or repossess any collateral you may have given.

If the insurance company accepts your claim but requires that you send in additional forms to remain eligible for continued payments, you should send in these completed additional forms no later than required. If you do not send in these forms on time, the insurance company may stop paying, and we will then be able to take action to collect or foreclose or repossess any collateral you may have given.

(2)The disclosure required by the insurer shall be substantially in the

following form:

CLAIM PROCEDURE

Send in the completed form to the insurance company as soon as possible and tell your creditor as soon as you do. (Your creditor has already advised you of the address or telephone number to use to confirm that you have submitted your completed form to the insurance company.)

If your disability insurance covers all of your missed payments, YOUR CREDITOR CANNOT TRY TO COLLECT WHAT YOU OWE OR FORECLOSE UPON OR REPOSSESS ANY COLLATERAL UNTIL THREE CALENDAR MONTHS AFTER your first missed payment is due or until the insurance company pays or rejects your claim, whichever comes first. Your creditor can, however, try to collect, foreclose, or repossess if you have money due and owing or are otherwise in default when your disability claim is made or if a senior mortgage

or lienholder is foreclosing.

If the insurance company pays the claim within the three calendar months, your creditor must accept the money as though you paid on time. If the insurance company rejects the claim within the three calendar months or accepts the claim within the three calendar months as a partial disability and pays less than for a total disability, you will have 35 days from the date that the rejection or the acceptance of the partial disability claim was sent to pay past due payments, or the difference between past due payments and what the insurance company pays for the partial disability, plus late charges. You can contact your creditor who will tell you how much you owe. After that time, your creditor can take action to collect or foreclose or repossess any collateral you may have given.

If the insurance company accepts your claim, but requires that you send in additional forms to remain eligible for

continued payments, you should send in these completed additional forms no later than required. If you do not send in these forms on time, the insurance company may stop paying, and your creditor will then be able to take action to collect or foreclose or repossess any collateral you have given.

(g)If a debtor does not make a payment for which the debtor claims disability coverage arising from a then current disability and if the creditor, after sending the debtor notice of the debtor’s delinquency, invokes any creditor’s remedy because of the nonpayment without knowledge of the debtor’s claim of disability coverage, subject to this title, the following provisions apply:
(1)Upon receiving notice of the debtor’s claim, the creditor shall not invoke any further creditor’s remedy during the remainder of the claim period and the period provided in subdivision (e).
(2)Upon receiving notice, as specified in subdivision (f) of Section 1812.401, of the debtor’s claim, the creditor shall rescind every creditor’s remedy that has been invoked relating to the delinquency for which coverage is claimed, except that the creditor shall not be obligated to restore property which has been sold in a bona fide lawful sale to any person not related by common ownership or control to the creditor.
(3)The debtor shall be liable for costs and expenses actually incurred in connection with the invocation or rescission of any creditor’s remedy.
(4)The creditor shall not be in violation of this title and shall not be liable under subdivision (i) provided the creditor complies with paragraphs (1) and (2) of this subdivision.
(h)The

rights and remedies afforded debtors by this title shall be cumulative to each other and to all other rights and remedies which the debtors may have under other laws.

(i)The debtor may bring an action for damages, equitable relief, or other relief for any violation of this title.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

A creditor may invoke any creditor’s remedy 15 days after receiving notice that the insurer has ceased making payments on a credit disability insurance claim because of the debtor’s failure to timely submit any forms required by the insurer for recertification of a temporary disability.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

This title shall apply to a creditor only if the creditor, the predecessor to the right, title, or interest of the creditor, or the representative of either of them directly arranges or participates in the sale or receives a commission or other compensation for the sale of credit disability insurance to the debtor.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

This title shall not prohibit a creditor from invoking any creditor’s remedy as a result of a debtor’s nonpayment when due of any amount obtained under an open-end credit plan, as hereafter defined, after the debtor has given notice of a disability claim unless the nonpayment is related to a covered disability then affecting the debtor other than the disability previously claimed. The creditor’s termination of the open-end credit plan because the debtor does not meet the creditor’s customary credit standards at the time the debtor notifies the creditor of the disability claim is not a creditor’s remedy.

An

“open-end credit plan” means credit extended by a creditor under a plan in which the creditor reasonably contemplates repeated transactions, the creditor may impose a finance charge from time to time on an outstanding unpaid balance, and the amount of credit that may be extended to the debtor during the term of the plan (up to any limit set by the creditor) is generally made available to the extent that any outstanding balance is repaid.

Amended by Stats. 1984, Ch. 1200, Sec. 3. Effective September 17, 1984.

(a)This title does not apply to credit disability insurance covering a key person, as hereinafter defined, which a creditor requires as a condition to making a loan of at least twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) to be used in the operation of a business in which the key person is employed or has an ownership interest.

For the purposes of this subdivision, a “key person” is a person who the creditor and the debtor or debtors mutually agree must be involved in the operation of the business to assure its success.

(b)This title does not apply to a loan or other credit transaction (including an open line of credit) of more than 10 years’ duration which is secured by a mortgage or deed of trust unless (1) the principal purpose of the loan or credit transaction is for the construction (other than initial construction), rehabilitation, or improvement (including “home improvement” as defined in Section 7151 of the Business and Professions Code) of real property consisting of four or fewer residential units, and (2) any document incident to the loan or credit transaction at the time the loan or extension of credit is made, or any course of dealing between the creditor and a contractor or material supplier assisting the borrower in obtaining the loan or extension of credit, would indicate that purpose.
(c)Subdivision (b) shall not apply to debtors who were entitled to receive notice from the creditor

pursuant to subdivision (f) of Section 1812.402 on or after January 1, 1984, and prior to the effective date of the act which added this subdivision, unless the debtor receives written notice that the remedies provided in this title are revoked, the debtor is given an opportunity to cancel the coverage, and no claim has been made or notice provided as specified in Section 1812.401. If the debtor fails to cancel the insurance following receipt of the notice required under this subdivision, subdivision (b) shall apply to that policy upon payment by the debtor of the next installment of premium, whether to the insurer or to a creditor pursuant to a premium finance agreement.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

The provisions of this title shall apply to the nonpayment of any sum which becomes due on or after April 1, 1984, and for which the debtor claims disability coverage.

Added by Stats. 1983, Ch. 973, Sec. 1.

Any waiver by the debtor of the provisions of this title shall be void and unenforceable.

Added by Stats. 1984, Ch. 1200, Sec. 4. Effective September 17, 1984.

This title shall not affect or defeat an interest in the debtor’s property, acquired after the creditor invokes a creditor’s remedy in violation of this title, by a bona fide purchaser or encumbrancer for value and without notice of facts that constitute a violation of this title.

Added by renumbering Section 1812.409 by Stats. 1984, Ch. 1200, Sec. 5. Effective September 17, 1984.

If any provision of this title or the application thereof to any person or circumstance is held to be unconstitutional, the remainder of the title and the application of the provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.

Added by Stats. 1989, Ch. 704, Sec. 2.

This title shall be known and cited as the Employment Agency, Employment Counseling, and Job Listing Services Act.