The surcharges imposed by this part and the amounts thereof required to be collected by electric utilities are due quarterly on or before the last day of the month next succeeding each calendar quarter.

Amounts due under Section 40051 for which a billing for the electrical energy is issued by an electric utility to the consumer prior to the close of a calendar quarter are payable when due.

Any amounts of the surcharge required to be paid or collected that are not billed in the ordinary course of the billings by an electric utility may be determined by the board against the utility or the consumer, or both, in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 (commencing with Section 40071) or 4 (commencing with Section 40081) of this chapter.