California CodesCivil CodeDivision 1 - PERSONSPart 2 - PERSONAL RIGHTS§ 44§ 44Amended by Stats. 1980, Ch. 676, Sec. 39.Defamation is effected by either of the following:(a)Libel.(b)Slander.Cite this sectionCal. Civ. Code § 44 (2026)Copyhttps://ca.codecond.com/codes/civ/division-1-persons/part-2-personal-rights/section-44CopyOther sections in Part 2 - PERSONAL RIGHTS§ 43§ 43.1§ 43.3§ 43.4§ 43.5§ 43.54§ 43.55§ 43.56§ 43.6§ 43.7…§ 52.45§ 52.5§ 52.6§ 52.65§ 52.66§ 52.7§ 52.8§ 53§ 53.5§ 53.7← § 43.102§ 45 →