Article 2 - Definitions

California Welfare and Institutions Code — §§ 14050-14068

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Sections (37)

Repealed and added by Stats. 1965, 2nd Ex. Sess., Ch. 4.

Unless the context otherwise requires, the definitions set forth in this article govern the construction of this chapter.

Amended by Stats. 1991, Ch. 735, Sec. 3.

For purposes of this chapter, “categorically needy person” means a person whose coverage is mandatory under Title XIX of the Social Security Act including, but not limited to, the individuals covered pursuant to Section 1396a(a)(10)(A)(i) of Title 42 of the United States Code.

Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 126.

For the purposes of this chapter “aid” means financial assistance provided to or in behalf of needy persons under the provisions of Chapters 2 (commencing with Section 11200), 3 (commencing with Section 12000), and 5 (commencing with Section 13000) of this part.

Added by Stats. 1976, Ch. 126.

“A person in long-term care” means a person who is an inpatient in a medical facility for more than the month of admission who is expected to remain for the full month after the month of admission.

Current Version

Amended (as amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 120) by Stats. 2025, Ch. 21, Sec. 89. (AB 116) Effective June 30, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, by its own provisions.

(a)“Medically needy person” means any of the following:
(1)An aged, blind, or disabled person who meets the definition of aged, blind, or disabled under the Supplemental Security Income program and whose income and resources are insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(2)A child in foster care for whom public agencies are assuming financial responsibility, in whole or in part, or a person receiving aid under Chapter 2.1 (commencing with Section 16115) of Part 4.
(3)A child who is eligible to receive Medi-Cal benefits pursuant to interstate agreements for adoption assistance and related services and

benefits entered into under Chapter 2.6 (commencing with Section 16170) of Part 4, to the extent federal financial participation is available.

(b)“Medically needy family person” means a parent or caretaker relative of a child or a child under 21 years of age or a pregnant woman of any age with a confirmed pregnancy, exclusive of those persons specified in subdivision (a), whose income and resources are insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(c)This section shall become operative on January 1, 2026.
Future Version

Amended (as added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 121) by Stats. 2025, Ch. 21, Sec. 90. (AB 116) Effective June 30, 2025. Inoperative January 1, 2026, by its own provisions. Repealed as of January 1, 2027, by its own provisions. See later operative version, as amended by Sec. 89 of Stats. 2025, Ch. 21.

(a)“Medically needy person” means any of the following:
(1)An aged, blind, or disabled person who meets the definition of aged, blind, or disabled under the Supplemental Security Income program and whose income is insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(2)A child in foster care for whom public agencies are assuming financial responsibility, in whole or in part, or a person receiving aid under Chapter 2.1 (commencing with Section 16115) of Part 4.
(3)A child who is eligible to receive Medi-Cal benefits pursuant to interstate agreements for adoption assistance and related services and benefits entered into

under Chapter 2.6 (commencing with Section 16170) of Part 4, to the extent federal financial participation is available.

(b)“Medically needy family person” means a parent or caretaker relative of a child or a child under 21 years of age or a pregnant woman of any age with a confirmed pregnancy, exclusive of those persons specified in subdivision (a), whose income is insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(c)This section shall become inoperative on January 1, 2026, and, as of January 1, 2027, is repealed.
Current Version

Amended (as amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 122) by Stats. 2025, Ch. 21, Sec. 91. (AB 116) Effective June 30, 2025. Operative January 1, 2026, by its own provisions.

(a)“Medically needy person” also means any person who receives in-home supportive services pursuant to Section 12305.5 and whose income and resources are insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(b)This section shall become operative on January 1, 2026.
Future Version

Amended (as added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 123) by Stats. 2025, Ch. 21, Sec. 92. (AB 116) Effective June 30, 2025. Inoperative January 1, 2026, by its own provisions. Repealed as of January 1, 2027, by its own provisions. See later operative version, as amended by Sec. 91 of Stats. 2025, Ch. 21.

(a)“Medically needy person” also means any person who receives in-home supportive services pursuant to Section 12305.5 and whose income is insufficient to provide for the costs of health care or coverage.
(b)This section shall become inoperative on January 1, 2026, and, as of January 1, 2027, is repealed.

Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 124. (AB 118) Effective July 10, 2023.

“Post-eligibility treatment of income” means the determination of long-term care patient liability for each month in which the patient is described in Section 14050.3 or as an institutionalized spouse described in Section 14002.5 determined in accordance with Section 435.725 of Title 42 of the Code of Federal Regulations, without regard to paragraph (1) of subsection (b) of that section, and Sections 435.832, and 435.845 of Title 42 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as appropriate.

Added by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 125. (AB 118) Effective July 10, 2023.

“Long-term care patient liability” is the term given to the result of the post-eligibility treatment of income calculation under Section 14051.7. The person in long-term care or an institutionalized spouse shall incur or expect to incur an amount of medical expenses that equal this amount pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 14005.12.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 1329, Sec. 15. Effective September 26, 1990.

“State-only Medi-Cal person” means a person who resides in a nursing facility or any category of intermediate care facility for the developmentally disabled, and who meets all of the following requirements:

(a)Could not meet the definition of a categorically needy person under Section 14050.1, a medically needy person under subdivision (a) of Section 14051 or a medically needy family person under subdivision (b) of Section 14051.
(b)Is over 21 years of age.
(c)Meets the eligibility requirements of Section 14005.4.

Added by Stats. 1985, Ch. 1354, Sec. 19.

“Cuban-Haitian entrant or refugee” means a person eligible under the Cuban-Haitian Entrant Program or Refugee Resettlement Program, as defined in federal regulations.

Amended by Stats. 2000, Ch. 93, Sec. 64. Effective July 7, 2000.

(a)The term “health care services” means the benefits set forth in Article 4 (commencing with Section 14131) of this chapter and in Section 14021. The term includes inpatient hospital services for any individual under 21 years of age in an institution for mental diseases. Any individual under 21 years of age receiving inpatient psychiatric hospital services immediately preceding the date on which he or she attains age 21 may continue to receive these services until he or she attains age 22. The term also includes early and periodic

screening, diagnosis, and treatment for any individual under 21 years of age.

(b)The term “health care services” does not include, except to the extent permitted by federal law, any of the following:
(1)Care or services for any individual who is an inmate of an institution (except as a patient in a medical institution).
(2)Care or services for any individual who has not attained 65 years of age and who is a patient in an institution for tuberculosis.
(3)Care or services for any individual who is 21 years of age or over, except as provided in the first paragraph of this section, and has not attained 65 years of age and who is a patient in an institution for mental disease.
(4)Inpatient

services provided to individuals 21 to 64 years of age, inclusive, in an institution for mental diseases operating under a consolidated license with a general acute care hospital pursuant to Section 1250.8 of the Health and Safety Code, unless federal financial participation is available for such inpatient services.

Amended by Stats. 2001, Ch. 171, Sec. 38. Effective August 10, 2001. Note: Because the previously existing Section 14053.1 was repealed on July 1, 2001, Ch. 171, this section may have been added.

Notwithstanding Section 14053, ancillary outpatient services, pursuant to Section 14132, for any eligible individual who is 21 years of age or over, and has not attained 65 years of age and who is a patient in an institution for mental diseases shall be covered regardless of the availability of federal financial participation.

Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 34, Sec. 225. (SB 1009) Effective June 27, 2012. Operative July 1, 2012, by Sec. 254 of Ch. 34.

(a)Except as provided under federal law, federal financial participation reimbursement is not allowed for ancillary services provided to persons residing in facilities that have been found to be institutions for mental disease (IMD), and since, consistent with Part 2 (commencing with Section 5600) of Division 5 and Chapter 6 (commencing with Section 17600) of Part 5,

counties are financially responsible for specialty mental health services and related ancillary services provided to persons through county mental health programs when Medi-Cal reimbursement is not available, when it is determined that Medi-Cal reimbursement has been paid for ancillary services for residents of IMDs, both the federal financial participation reimbursement and any state funds paid for the ancillary services provided to residents of IMDs shall be recovered from counties by the department in accordance with applicable state and federal statutes and regulations.

(b)Mental health plans shall report to the department admission and discharge dates for Medi-Cal beneficiaries in institutions for mental diseases on a quarterly basis in a format provided by the department.

Amended by Stats. 1990, Ch. 456, Sec. 11. Effective July 31, 1990.

For the purposes of the Medi-Cal Act, the terms “prescribed drug” and “prescription drug” shall not include any drug which, because of differing prices charged by the manufacturer on a discriminatory basis or discriminatory refusal to sell by the manufacturer, or both, is not available on the same terms and conditions to all providers of prescription services, or any drug which is found to be overpriced in comparison to another drug which has an equivalent therapeutic effect, unless the director determines that the drug is vital to the program and no acceptable substitute is available.

Before the director determines that any drug has an equivalent therapeutic effect in comparison to another drug, or is vital to the program and no acceptable substitute is available, he must have received a report to that effect from the Medi-Cal Contract Drug Advisory Committee.

Nothing in this section shall be construed to apply to quantity or other nondiscriminatory discounts available on the same terms and conditions to all providers of prescription services, to sales by competitive bidding to federal, state or local governmental agencies, or to sales to wholesalers so long as the manufacturer does not require or induce the wholesalers to make the drug available other than on the same terms and conditions to all providers of prescription services.

This section shall not be construed to deny reimbursement to hospitals for prescribed drugs furnished to inpatients or, unless the

regulations provide to the contrary, to registered outpatients.

Amended by Stats. 1969, Ch. 21.

Prior to including or excluding any drug from the program, the director shall give adequate notice to those California associations of health professionals and those recognized national associations of pharmaceutical manufacturers that are affected by such action and shall seek and consider the advice of those associations.

Amended by Stats. 2011, Ch. 36, Sec. 82. (SB 92) Effective June 30, 2011.

(a)Notwithstanding any other provision of law, and only to the extent that federal financial participation is available, the department may provide Medi-Cal eligibility and reimbursement for acute inpatient hospital services available under this chapter in accordance with Section 5072 of the Penal Code.
(b)The department may disenroll

inmates made eligible for services under this section or in accordance with Section 5072 of the Penal Code from Medi-Cal managed care health plans, and may exempt inmates from enrollment into new or existing plans.

(c)Except as provided for in paragraph (2) of subdivision (e), the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation shall be responsible for the nonfederal share of any reimbursement made for the provision of acute inpatient hospital services rendered to inmates who are eligible for and enrolled in a LIHP and receive services pursuant to this section and Section 5072 of the Penal Code.
(d)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including Section 11050, the department, as the single state agency, may make eligibility determinations and redeterminations for inmates in accord with this section and Section 5072 of the Penal Code.
(2)The department may enroll and disenroll inmates eligible for acute inpatient hospital services under this section or in accord with Section 5072 of the Penal Code in Medi-Cal or in the LIHP in which the inmate’s county of last legal residence participates.
(e)(1) In accordance with the requirements and conditions set forth under this section and Section 5072 of the Penal Code, the county may seek from the Medi-Cal program or from the responsible LIHP in which the county participates, reimbursement for the provision of inpatient hospital services to adults involuntarily detained or incarcerated in county facilities.
(2)(A) To the extent that a county seeks reimbursement for the provision of acute inpatient hospital services to adults who are involuntarily detained or

incarcerated in county facilities and who are otherwise eligible for Medi-Cal pursuant to Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 14000) of Part 3 of Division 9, the county shall be responsible for the nonfederal share of the reimbursement.

(B)To the extent that a county seeks reimbursement for the provision of acute inpatient hospital services to adults who are involuntarily detained or incarcerated in county facilities and who are otherwise eligible for and enrolled in the LIHP in which the county participates, the LIHP shall be responsible for the nonfederal share of the reimbursement.
(f)Reimbursement pursuant to this section shall be limited to only those services for which federal financial participation pursuant to Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act is allowed.
(g)This section shall be implemented only

if and to the extent that existing levels of federal financial participation are not otherwise jeopardized. To the extent that the department determines that existing levels of federal financial participation are jeopardized, this section shall no longer be implemented.

(h)The department shall seek any necessary federal approvals for the implementation of this section. This section shall be implemented only if and to the extent that any necessary federal approvals are obtained.
(i)This section shall have no force or effect if there is a final judicial determination made by any state or federal court that is not appealed, or by a court of appellate jurisdiction that is not further appealed, in any action by any party, or a final determination by the administrator of the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, that disallows, defers, or alters the implementation of

this section or in accord with Section 5072 of the Penal Code, including the rate methodology or payment process established by the department that limits or affects the department’s authority to select the hospitals used to provide acute inpatient hospital services to inmates.

(j)It is the intent of the Legislature that the implementation of this section will result in state General Fund savings for the funding of acute inpatient hospital services provided to inmates and any related administrative costs.
(k)Notwithstanding Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, the department may, without taking any further regulatory action, implement this section by means of all-county letters or similar instructions.
(l)For purposes of this section, the following

terms have the following meanings:

(1)The term “county of last legal residence” means the county in which the inmate resided at the time of arrest that resulted in conviction and incarceration in a state prison facility.
(2)The term “inmate” means an adult who is involuntarily residing in a state prison facility operated, administered or regulated, directly or indirectly, by the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.

Amended by Stats. 2014, Ch. 836, Sec. 1. (SB 1089) Effective January 1, 2015.

(a)Notwithstanding any other law, the department shall develop a process to allow counties to receive any available federal financial participation for acute inpatient hospital services and inpatient psychiatric services provided to juvenile inmates who are admitted as inpatients in a medical institution off the grounds of the correctional facility, and who, but for their institutional status as inmates, are otherwise eligible for Medi-Cal benefits pursuant to this chapter. This process shall be coordinated, to the extent possible, with the processes and procedures established pursuant to Section 14053.7 of this code and Section 5072 of the Penal Code. This

section

shall not be construed to alter or abrogate any obligation of the state pursuant to an administrative action or a court order that is final and no longer subject to appeal to reimburse counties for any acute inpatient hospital services or inpatient psychiatric services provided to a juvenile inmate.

(b)A juvenile inmate who is an inpatient in a medical institution off the grounds of the correctional facility shall not be denied eligibility for Medi-Cal benefits under this section because of his or her institutional status as an inmate of a public institution.
(c)The department

shall consult with counties in the development of the process pursuant to this section.

(d)This section shall not be construed to limit the department’s authority to suspend or terminate Medi-Cal eligibility pursuant to Section 14011.10, except during such times that the juvenile inmate is receiving acute inpatient hospital services or inpatient psychiatric services pursuant to subdivision (b).
(e)This section shall be implemented only if and to the extent that existing levels of federal financial participation are not otherwise jeopardized. To the extent that the department determines that existing levels of federal financial participation are jeopardized, this section shall no longer be implemented.
(f)The department shall seek any federal approvals necessary to implement the process developed pursuant to this

section. This section shall be implemented only if and to the extent that any necessary federal approvals have been obtained, and only to the extent that federal financial participation is available.

(g)Notwithstanding any other law, as part of the process developed pursuant to this section, the department may exempt juvenile inmates from enrollment into new or existing managed care health plans.
(h)The process developed pursuant to this section shall be implemented in only those counties that elect to provide the county’s pro rata portion of the nonfederal share of the state’s administrative costs associated with implementation of this section and the nonfederal share of expenditures for acute inpatient hospital

services and inpatient psychiatric services provided to eligible juvenile inmates described in subdivision (a).

(i)(1) The federal financial participation received pursuant to the process implemented under this section shall be paid to the participating counties for services rendered to the juvenile inmates. If a federal audit disallowance and interest results from claims made under the process created pursuant to this section, the department shall recoup from the county that received the disallowed funds the amount of the disallowance and any applicable interest.
(2)It is the intent of the Legislature that implementation of this section will result in no increased cost to the state General Fund.
(j)(1) If there is a final judicial determination made by any state or federal court that is not appealed, or by a court of appellate jurisdiction that is not further appealed, in any action by any party, or a final determination by the administrator of the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), that disallows, defers, or alters the implementation of this section or, to the extent applicable, Section 14053.7 of this code or Section 5072 of the Penal Code, including the rate methodology or payment process established by the department that limits or affects the department’s authority to select the facilities used to provide acute inpatient hospital services and inpatient psychiatric services to juvenile inmates, then any provision of

this section that is inconsistent with the final judicial or CMS determination shall have no force or effect.

(2)In addition, the department may, at its discretion, cease to implement any other part of this section that is implicated by the final judicial or CMS determination.
(k)For the purposes of Medi-Cal eligibility pursuant to this section, “juvenile inmate” means an individual under 21 years of age who is involuntarily residing in a public institution, including state and local institutions.
(l)Notwithstanding Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, the department may, without taking any further regulatory action, implement this section by means of all-county letters or similar instructions.

Amended by Stats. 2012, Ch. 162, Sec. 212. (SB 1171) Effective January 1, 2013.

(a)Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the department shall develop a process to allow the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, Division of Juvenile Facilities, or any successor, to receive any available federal financial participation for acute inpatient hospital services and inpatient psychiatric services provided to any juvenile inmates in the Division of Juvenile Facilities who

are admitted as inpatients in a medical institution off the grounds of the correctional facility, and who, but for their institutional status as juvenile inmates, are otherwise eligible for Medi-Cal benefits pursuant to this chapter. This process shall be coordinated, to the extent possible, with the processes and procedures established pursuant to Section 14053.7 of this code and Section 5072 of the Penal Code.

(b)Any juvenile inmate in the Division of Juvenile Facilities who is an inpatient in a medical institution off the grounds of the correctional facility shall not be denied eligibility for Medi-Cal benefits under this section because of his or her institutional status as an inmate in the Division of Juvenile Facilities.
(c)The department shall consult with the Division of Juvenile Facilities in the development of the process pursuant to this section.
(d)The department shall seek any federal approvals necessary to implement the process developed pursuant to this section. This section shall be implemented only if and to the extent that any necessary federal approvals have been obtained, and only to the extent that federal financial participation is available.
(e)Notwithstanding any other provision of law, as part of the process developed pursuant to this section, the department may exempt any juvenile inmate in a facility operated by the Division of Juvenile Facilities from enrollment into new or existing managed care health plans.
(f)The process developed pursuant to this section shall be implemented only to the extent that the Division of Juvenile Facilities agrees voluntarily to provide the nonfederal share of any costs to the department associated with the

administration of this section and the nonfederal share of expenditures for acute inpatient hospital services and inpatient psychiatric services provided off the grounds of the correctional facility to any juvenile inmate of the Division of Juvenile Facilities who is eligible for Medi-Cal benefits pursuant to this section.

(g)The federal financial participation received pursuant to this section shall be paid to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation for services rendered to any juvenile inmate in the Division of Juvenile Facilities.
(h)Reimbursement pursuant to this section shall be limited to only those services for which federal financial participation is available.
(i)(1) If there is a final judicial determination made by any state or federal court that is not appealed, or by a

court of appellate jurisdiction that is not further appealed, in any action by any party, or a final determination by the administrator of the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), that disallows, defers, or alters the implementation of this section or, to the extent applicable, Section 14053.7 of this code or Section 5072 of the Penal Code, including the rate methodology or payment process established by the department that limits or affects the department’s authority to select the facilities used to provide acute inpatient hospital services and inpatient psychiatric services to juvenile inmates in the Division of Juvenile Facilities, then any provision of this section that is inconsistent with the final judicial or CMS determination shall have no force or effect.

(2)In addition, the department may, at its discretion, cease to implement any other part of this section that is implicated by the final judicial or CMS

determination.

(j)For the purposes of Medi-Cal eligibility pursuant to this section, “juvenile inmate” means an individual under 21 years of age who is involuntarily residing in a public institution, including state and local institutions.
(k)Notwithstanding Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 11340) of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, the department may, without taking any further regulatory action, implement this section by means of all-county letters or similar instructions.

Amended by Stats. 2023, Ch. 42, Sec. 126. (AB 118) Effective July 10, 2023.

(a)“Share of cost” or “spend down of excess income” means the amount of the costs of health care that a person or family eligible under Section 14005.4 or 14005.7 shall incur prior to being

certified by the department as specified in Section 14018.

(b)Upon the effective date of the act that added this subdivision, any reference to “share of cost” in this chapter or elsewhere in this code that relates to an individual Medi-Cal beneficiary’s or applicant’s eligibility under the medically needy persons or medically needy family persons categories shall be read as “spend down of excess income” and the definition in subdivision (a) shall apply.

Added by Stats. 1968, Ch. 1242.

“Elective services” means any treatment service which generally can be postponed without seriously affecting the health of the person requiring the service.

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