A district may do any act necessary to furnish sufficient water in the district for any present or future beneficial use.

A district may store water for the benefit of the district, conserve water for future use, and appropriate, acquire, and conserve water and water rights for any useful purpose.

A district may operate water rights, works, property, rights, and privileges useful or necessary to convey, supply, store, or make use of water for any purpose authorized by this division.

A district may sell water or the use thereof for any useful purpose and whenever there is a surplus, dispose of the surplus to municipalities, public agencies, or consumers located without the district.

A district may establish rules and regulations for the sale, distribution, and use of water and may therein provide that water shall not be furnished to persons against whom there are delinquent water rates.

The district shall fix and through the general manager collect the water rates.

A district shall have the power to restrict the use of district water during any emergency caused by drought, or other threatened or existing water shortage, and to prohibit the wastage of district water or the use of district water during such periods, for any purpose other than household uses or such other restricted uses as may be determined to be necessary by the district and may prohibit use of such water during such periods for specific uses which the district may from time to time find to be nonessential.

A district shall have power to make findings upon each and all of the matters referred to in Section 31026. A finding by the board of directors upon the existence, threat or duration of an emergency or shortage or upon the matter of necessity or any other matter or condition shall be made by resolution or ordinance, and shall be prima facie evidence of the fact or matter so found, and such fact or matter shall be presumed to continue unchanged unless and until a contrary finding shall have been made by the board by resolution or ordinance. Such finding shall be received in evidence in any civil or criminal proceeding in which it may be offered, and shall be proof and evidence of the fact or matter found until rebutted or overcome by other sufficient evidence received in such proceeding. Copy of any resolution or ordinance setting forth any finding shall, when certified by the secretary of the district, be evidence that the finding was made by the district as shown by the resolution or ordinance and certification.

After the publication or posting of any ordinance as provided in Section 31027, it is a misdemeanor for any person to use or apply water received from the district contrary to or in violation of the restriction or prohibition, until the ordinance has been repealed or the emergency or threatened emergency has ceased, and, upon conviction thereof, that person shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than 30 days or by fine of not more than six hundred dollars ($600), or by both the fine and imprisonment.

A district may, pursuant to the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code, fix, on or before the first day of July in each calendar year, a water standby or availability charge. The water standby or availability charge shall not exceed ten dollars ($10) per acre per year for each acre of land, or ten dollars ($10) per year for each parcel of land less than an acre within the district to which water is made available for any purpose by the district, whether the water is actually used or not, unless the standby charge is imposed pursuant to the Uniform Standby Charge Procedures Act (Chapter 12.4 (commencing with Section 54984) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code). The board of directors of a district which fixes such a charge may establish schedules varying such charge according to the land uses and the degree of availability or quantity of use of such water to the affected lands, and may restrict such charge to lands lying within one or more improvement districts within such district. If the procedures set forth in this section as it read at the time a standby or immediate availability charge was established were followed, the board of directors may, by resolution, continue the charge in successive years at the same rate. If new, increased, or extended assessments are proposed, the board shall comply with the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code.

Notwithstanding Sections 31031 and 31032.1 in the Coachella Valley Water District, the water standby or availability charge or assessment shall not exceed thirty dollars ($30) per acre per year for land on which the charge or assessment is levied, or thirty dollars ($30) per year for a parcel less than one acre.

This section applicable only to the Coachella Valley Water District is necessary because of the unique and special water management and financing problems of the area included within the district.

Notwithstanding Sections 31031 and 31032.1, the water standby or availability charge or assessment in the Twentynine Palms Water District shall not exceed thirty dollars ($30) per acre per year for land on which the charge or assessment is levied or thirty dollars ($30) per year for a parcel less than one acre.

This section, applicable only to the Twentynine Palms Water District, is necessary because of the unique and special water management and financing problems of the area included within the district.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this division, the Tuolumne Regional Water District may, pursuant to the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code, fix, levy, and collect a water standby or availability charge. The water standby or availability charge shall not exceed thirty dollars ($30) per acre per year for each acre of land, or thirty dollars ($30) per year for each parcel of land less than an acre, to which water is made available for any purpose by the district, unless the standby charge is imposed pursuant to the Uniform Standby Charge Procedures Act (Chapter 12.4 (commencing with Section 54984) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code). If the procedures set forth in this section as it read at the time a standby charge was established were followed, the Tuolumne Regional Water District may, by a four-fifths vote of the members of the board of directors, continue the charge pursuant to this section in successive years at the same rate. If new, increased, or extended assessments are proposed, the board shall comply with the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code.

In case any water standby charge remains unpaid on the first day of the month before the month in which the board of supervisors of the county in which the district or any part thereof is located is required by law to levy the amount of taxes required for county purposes, a 6 percent penalty thereon shall accrue. The amount of the unpaid standby charge plus the said penalty shall be added to and become a part of the annual tax levied upon the land to which water for which the standby charge is unpaid was available and same shall constitute a lien on that land.

If a district collects taxes pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 31700) of Part 7 of this division, the amount of tax attributable to unpaid water standby charges, and the penalty thereon, shall be stated on the tax bill separately from all other taxes.

If a district collects taxes pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 31730) of Part 7 of this division, it shall provide each person whose property is subject to taxation for unpaid water standby charges, and the penalty thereon, with a tax bill stating the amount of such charges and penalty separately.

In such case and at least fifteen (15) days before the first day of the month in which said board of supervisors is required by law to levy the amount of taxes required for county purposes, the board of directors of the district shall furnish in writing to the board of supervisors and to the county auditor, respectively, a description of each and every parcel of land within the district upon which a standby charge remains unpaid, together with the amount of said unpaid charge plus said penalty on each said parcel of land. Whenever land in two or more counties is included in a district, the board of directors of the district shall furnish in writing to the board of supervisors and to the county auditor of each of said counties, respectively, a description of each and every parcel within said county upon which a standby charge remains unpaid, together with the amount of said unpaid standby charge plus penalty thereon.

A district may, pursuant to the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code, fix, as an alternative to the charge prescribed by Section 31031, in each fiscal year, water standby or availability assessments of not to exceed thirty dollars ($30) per acre per year for each acre of land, or thirty dollars ($30) per year for each parcel of land less than an acre within the district to which water is made available for any purpose by the district, whether the water is actually used or not, unless the standby charge is imposed pursuant to the Uniform Standby Charge Procedures Act (Chapter 12.4 (commencing with Section 54984) of Part 1 of Division 2 of Title 5 of the Government Code). The board of directors of a district that fixes the assessment may establish schedules varying the assessment according to the land uses and the degree of availability or quantity of use of water to the affected lands, and may restrict the assessment to lands lying within one or more improvement districts within the district. If the procedures set forth in this section as it read at the time a standby charge was established were followed, the board of directors may, by resolution, continue the charge pursuant to this section in successive years at the same rate. If new, increased, or extended assessments are proposed, the board shall comply with the notice, protest, and hearing procedures in Section 53753 of the Government Code.

A district may elect to have the assessments for the fiscal year collected on the tax roll in the same manner, by the same persons and at the same time as, together with and not separately from, its general taxes. In that event, it shall cause a written report to be prepared and filed with the secretary which report shall contain a description of each parcel of real property and the amount of the assessment for each parcel for the year.

The secretary shall cause notice of the filing of the report and of a time and place of hearing thereon to be published, pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code, prior to the date set for hearing, in a newspaper of general circulation printed and published within the district, if there is one and if not then in such paper printed and published in the county, and shall cause a notice in writing of the filing of the report to be mailed to each person to whom any parcel or parcels of real property described in such report is assessed in the last equalized assessment roll available on the date the report is prepared, at the address shown on the assessment roll or as known to the secretary.

At the time stated in the notice, the board shall hear and consider all objections or protests, if any, to the report referred to in the notice and may continue the hearing from time to time. Upon the conclusion of the hearing, the board may adopt, revise, change, reduce or modify an assessment or overrule any or all objections. The board shall make its determination upon each assessment as described in the report which determination shall be final. The board may make appropriate adjustments that may be necessary as a result of the equalization of the assessment roll subsequent to the filing of the report.

On or before the 10th day of August of each year following such final determination, the secretary shall file with the county auditor a copy of the report with a statement endorsed thereon over his signature that it has been finally adopted by the board and the auditor shall enter the amounts of the assessment against the respective lots or parcels of land as they appear on the current assessment roll. If a district collects taxes pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 31730), Part 7 of this division, the secretary shall file the report with the collector.

The amount of the assessments shall constitute a lien against the lot or parcel of land against which the assessment has been imposed as of noon on the first Monday in March immediately preceding the date of levy.

The county tax collector or district collector shall include the amount of the assessments on bills for taxes levied against the respective lots and parcels of land. Thereafter the amount of the assessments shall be collected at the same time and in the same manner and by the same persons as, together with and not separately from, the general taxes for the district, and shall be delinquent at the same time and thereafter be subject to the same delinquency penalties. All laws applicable to the levy, collection and enforcement of general taxes of the district, including, but not limited to, those pertaining to the matters of delinquency, correction, cancellation, refund and redemption, are applicable to such assessments.

In the event a district does not elect to collect such assessments with the general taxes of the district, it may issue separate bills payable in the time and manner designated by the board.

A district may provide for a basic penalty of not more than 6 percent for nonpayment of the assessment within the time and in the manner prescribed by it, and in addition may provide for a penalty of not exceeding one-half of 1 percent per month for nonpayment of the assessment and basic penalty. It may provide for collection of the penalties herein provided for.

Any district may make the election specified in Section 31032.1 with respect only to delinquent assessments and may do so by preparing and filing the written report, giving notice and holding the hearing therein required only as to such delinquencies.

A district may drain and reclaim lands within the district either by surface or underground works or both; and may acquire, by appropriation or other lawful means, and divert, store, conserve, transport or dispose of water resulting from such operations; and may acquire, by appropriation or other lawful means, and divert, store, conserve, transport or dispose of flood and storm water within the district, and flood and storm water of streams or watercourses outside of the district which flow into the district, for any beneficial purpose or use.

If a public utility subject to the control and regulation of the Public Utilities Commission petitions the Public Utilities Commission to extend its water service or to establish water service within a district or any area served by a district, prior to acting on the petition the Public Utilities Commission shall notify the district of such petition where the district has previously filed with the public Utilities Commission a request to be notified of such petitions which request contains a description of the boundaries of the district and any area outside of the district boundaries which is served by the district.

A district may undertake a water conservation program to reduce water use and may require as a condition of new service that reasonable water-saving devices and water reclamation devices be installed to reduce water use.

A district which includes territory in Monterey County and which has adopted an ordinance to require water conservation and to prevent waste, may provide that violation of the ordinance is an infraction or nuisance, with penalties as provided by Section 31029.1.